The Major Histocompatibility Complex in Transplantation

García, Marco Antonio Ayala; Yebra, Beatriz González; Flores, Andrea Liliana López; Guerra, Eduardo Guaní

doi:10.1155/2012/842141

Cited by 81 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The main targets for the immune response to transplanted grafts are major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-encoded molecules (Ayala García et al, 2012). Despite, the hGMSCs have showed to express the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and to be negative for MHC II (Castro-Manrreza et al, 2015), they have still not been adequately characterized with respect to their immunogenic properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol Modulates the Immunophenotype and Inhibits the Activation of the Inflammasome in Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells

et al. 2016

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Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hGMSCs) are multipotential cells that can expand and differentiate in culture under specific and standardized conditions. In the present study, we have investigated whether in vitro pre-treatment of hGMSCs with Cannabidiol (CBD) can influence their expression profile, improving the therapeutic potential of this cell culture. Following CBD treatment (5 μM) for 24 h, gene expression analysis through Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has revealed several genes differentially expressed between CBD-treated hGMSCs (CBD-hGMSCs) and control cells (CTR-hGMSCs) that were linked to inflammation and apoptosis. In particular, we have demonstrated that CBD treatment in hGMSCs prevented the activation of the NALP3-inflammasome pathway by suppressing the levels of NALP3, CASP1, and IL18, and in parallel, inhibited apoptosis, as demonstrated by the suppression of Bax. CBD treatment was also able to modulate the expression of the well-known mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD13, CD29, CD73, CD44, CD90, and CD166), and other surface antigens. Specifically, CBD led to the downregulation of genes codifying for antigens involved in the activation of the immune system (CD109, CD151, CD40, CD46, CD59, CD68, CD81, CD82, CD99), while it led to the upregulation of those implicated in the inhibition of the immune responses (CD47, CD55, CD276). In conclusion, the present study will provide a new simple and reproducible method for preconditioning hGMSCs with CBD, before transplantation, as an interesting strategy for improving the hGMSCs molecular phenotype, reducing the risk of immune or inflammatory reactions in the host, and in parallel, for increasing their survival and thus, their long-term therapeutic efficacy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabidiol Modulates the Immunophenotype and Inhibits the Activation of the Inflammasome in Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells

et al. 2016

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“…It is known that the rejection response to grafted tissues/cells is caused by cell surface molecules that induce antigenic stimulus. MHC molecules are one of the families within the highly heterogeneous group of transplantation antigens that have been described so far [41]. While MHC I antigens are present on all nucleated cells and are involved in antigen presenting activities [42], MHC II are expressed on activated B-lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and epithelial cells [43] and involved in graft rejection [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sphere-Forming Capacity as an Enrichment Strategy for Epithelial-Like Stem Cells from Equine Skin

Borena

Meyer

Chiers

et al. 2014

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background: Mammal skin plays a pivotal role in several life preserving processes and extensive damage may therefore be life threatening. Physiological skin regeneration is achieved through ongoing somatic stem cell differentiation within the epidermis and the hair follicle. However, in severe pathological cases, such as burn wounds, chronic wounds, and ulcers, the endogenous repair mechanisms might be insufficient. For this reason, exogenous purification and multiplication of epithelial-like stem/progenitor cells (EpSCs) might be useful in the treatment of these skin diseases. However, only few reports are available on the isolation, purification and characterization of EpSCs using suspension cultures. Methods: In the present study, skin was harvested from 6 mares and EpSCs were isolated and purified. In addition to their characterization based on phenotypic and functional properties, sphere formation was assessed upon isolation, i.e. at passage 0 (P₀), and at early (P₄) and late (P₁₀) passages using different culture conditions. Results: On average 0.53 ± 0.28% of these primary skin-derived cells showed the capacity to form spheres and hence possessed stem cell properties. Moreover, significantly more spheres were observed in EpSC medium versus differentiation medium, corroborating the EpSCs' privileged ability to survive in suspension. Furthermore, the number of cells per sphere significantly increased over time as well as with subsequent passaging. Upon immunophenotyping, the presumed EpSCs were found to co-express cytokeratin (CK) 14, Casein kinase 2 beta and Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) I and expressed no pan CK and wide CK. Only a few cells expressed MHC II. Their differentiation towards keratinocytes (at P₄ and P₁₀) was confirmed based on co-expression of CK 14, Casein kinase 2 beta, pan CK and wide CK. In one of six isolates, a non-EpSC cell type was noticed in adherent culture. Although morphological features and immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed a keratinocyte phenotype, this culture could be purified by seeding the cells in suspension at ultralow clonal densities (1 and 10 cells/cm²), yet with a significantly lower sphere forming efficiency in comparison to pure EpSCs (P = 0.0012). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated sphere formation as a valuable tool to purify EpSCs upon their isolation and assessed its effectiveness at different clonal seeding densities for eliminating a cellular contamination.

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“…This immunogenetic feature of the CD1 system represents a major distinction from the MHC system. MHC polymorphism controls rejection of transplanted solid organs and bone marrow and donor-specific patterns of antigen response (Ayala Garcia et al 2012). MHC polymorphism generates highly diverse TCR usage by differing donors in response to a single pathogen or protein antigen (Nikolich-Zugich et al 2004).…”

Section: Human Cd1 Gene Polymorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Donor-unrestricted T cells in the human CD1 system

Huang

Moody

2016

Immunogenetics

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The CD1 and MHC systems are specialized for lipid and peptide display, respectively. Here, we review evidence showing how cellular CD1a, CD1b, CD1c, and CD1d proteins capture and display many cellular lipids to T cell receptors (TCRs). Increasing evidence shows that CD1-reactive T cells operate outside two classical immunogenetic concepts derived from the MHC paradigm. First, because CD1 proteins are non-polymorphic in human populations, T cell responses are not restricted to the donor’s genetic background. Second, the simplified population genetics of CD1 antigen-presenting molecules can lead to simplified patterns of TCR usage. As contrasted with donor-restricted patterns of MHC-TCR interaction, the donor-unrestricted nature of CD1-TCR interactions raises the prospect that lipid agonists and antagonists of T cells could be developed.

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The Major Histocompatibility Complex in Transplantation

Cited by 81 publications

References 54 publications

Cannabidiol Modulates the Immunophenotype and Inhibits the Activation of the Inflammasome in Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Cannabidiol Modulates the Immunophenotype and Inhibits the Activation of the Inflammasome in Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Sphere-Forming Capacity as an Enrichment Strategy for Epithelial-Like Stem Cells from Equine Skin

Donor-unrestricted T cells in the human CD1 system

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