The main aspects of precision forging

Application of a measuring arm with an integrated laser scanner in the analysis of the shape changes of forging instrumentation during production

“…Often, even a minor defect or wear of the tool in the first operation (preliminary forging) of the multi-operational forging process makes obtaining a forging which meets all of the requirements difficult in the last operation, i.e. the finishing (calibrating) forging [7]. That is why a useful solution can be the possibility to evaluate the shape changes of the tool impressions in the particular operations, performed based on a cyclic control of the tools (measurement through scanning), without the necessity of their disassembly from the forging press (Fig.…”

“…At present, such check-ups consist in a visual assessment of the quality of the produced element as well as a measurement of selected control points with the use of traditional measuring devices or simple curve gauges. These methods do not, however, provide the possibility to assess the quality and shape of the whole element and so, more and more often, other measuring methods are applied, such as the ones which use the coordinate measuring technique [3,7,9,10].…”

The Use of 3D Scanning Methods to Evaluate the Hybrid Layer Used in Forging Tools in Order to Improve their Durability

“…Forging tools used in hot forging processes work under very hard, if not extreme, conditions: periodically, the mechanical loads reach even up to 1000 MPa and the thermal conditions -from 60°C to 800°C at the surface [1]. That is why they are exposed to the operation of many destructive factors, which cause their wear.…”

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“…The performed analyses of the level of technological solutions in the die forging processes show that, in a great majority of processes, the die forging production takes place in the traditional non-automatized way, on separated forging unit stations, where all the working actions, including: removing the charge from the heater and placing it in the die impression, relocating the formed forging on the successive impressions, are performed manually. A consequence of the level of the applied traditional die forging technologies are problems resulting from the low repeatability of the performed actions as well as the significant effect of the human factor on both the production process itself and the conditions of machine work, which significantly affects the activity of the enterprises and the speed of development of this branch of industry [12,13,14,15,16,17,21].…”