The Magnificent Charter: The Origin and Role of the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges and Universities.

The importance of technology in banking during a crisis

“…workers in areas close to a land-grant college are shown to be similar in terms of racial and demographic characteristics and have very close Armed Forces Qualification Test scores for a given level of education (Moretti, 2004;Shapiro, 2006). Land-grant universities were also not established in areas that were richer due to natural resources or other factors (Carstensen, 1963;Sawyer, 1981;Williams, 2010).…”

“For this additional burden we had no additional help”: First-year composition and writing program administration at Iowa State from 1869 to 1939

“…One of the lenses of analysis I had not appreciated was land-grant college history and historiography. I spent much of the winter between 2022 and 2023 reading articles and books on land-grant colleges, most of which soothed my dissatisfaction at the general higher education histories that neglected the Midwest (Eddy, 1957;Edmond, 1978;Geiger, 1986Geiger, , 2000Geiger & Sorber, 2013;Ross, 1942b;Sorber, 2018).…”

“…In a recent historiographical review by the two leading historians of land-grant institutions, Sorber and Geiger (2014) reflect on how the romanticized notions of land-grant colleges as idealized, a-political, good institutions persist in institutional marketing materials, legislative efforts to renew the 'golden days' of vocational education, and popularized histories of higher education. The canonical histories of land-grant colleges (Eddy, 1957;Edmond, 1978;Ross, 1942b) positioned the colleges as a unified effort to respond Jacksonian Democratic upwelling, and each college answered the Morrill Act's dictates for agricultural and mechanical education similarly. The Act's text states that:…”

“…Teaching methods for English loosened as the German university ideal spread. In the late 1800s, literature teachers announced their release from the pedagogical shackles of the old curriculum as well as the freedoms that the new disciplines offered: States for a middle class education (Edmond, 1978;Ross, 1942b), or did educational reformers manipulate populist economic demands to create their ideal research universities (E. L. Johnson, 1981;Sorber, 2018;Sorber & Geiger, 2014)? Other arguments about the demise of the landgrant model are possible, such as growing state intervention in higher education, western expansion leading colleges in the West far more inclined toward vocational education than the stable stalwarts in the East, and more.…”

“…Each land-grant college interpreted the land-grant mission differently because of local, state, and federal exigencies; we have access to these debates. Historians first praised the land-grants for their democratic education initiatives (Eddy, 1957;Ross, 1942b), but many later historians (Edmond, 1978;Geiger & Sorber, 2013;E. L. Johnson, 1981;Sorber & Geiger, 2014) poked holes in these self-aggrandizing histories of the land-grant colleges.…”