The “Macro” World of microRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Sidhu, Kaveri; Kapoor, Neetu Rohit; Pandey, Vijaya; Kumar, Vijay

doi:10.3389/fonc.2015.00068

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…Before they become metastatic and invasive, tumor cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is characterized by increased vimentin and loss of E-cadherin. 71,72 It was reported that the EMT-inducing transcription factor, Twist 1 increased the expression of Cul2 circRNA (circ-10720). 68 A positive correlation was found between circ-10720 and tumor malignancy and poor HCC progress.…”

Section: Circrnas In Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms of circular RNAs, transforming growth factor‐β, and long noncoding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma

Shang

Adzika

et al. 2019

Cancer Medicine

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At the heart of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lies disruption of signaling pathways at the level of molecules, genes, and cells. Non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been implicated in the disease progression of HCC. For instance, dysregulated expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been observed in patients with HCC. As such, these RNAs are potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers for HCC. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a type of ncRNA, have also been recognized to participate in the initiation and progression of HCC. Transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) is another element which is now recognized to play crucial roles in HCC. It has been implicated in many biological processes such as survival, immune surveillance, and cell proliferation. In HCC, TGF‐β promotes disease progression by two mechanisms: an intrinsic signaling pathway and the extrinsic pathway. Through these pathways, it modulates various microenvironment factors such as inflammatory mediators and fibroblasts. An interesting yet‐to‐be resolved concept is whether the HCC‐promoting role of TGF‐β pathways is limited to a subset of HCC patients or it is involved in the whole process of HCC development. This review summarizes recent advancements to highlight the roles of circRNAs, lncRNAs, and TGF‐β in HCC.

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Section: Circrnas In Hccmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms of circular RNAs, transforming growth factor‐β, and long noncoding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma

Shang

Adzika

et al. 2019

Cancer Medicine

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“…miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate mammalian gene expression by binding with mRNAs. Moreover, a recent study reported that eight circulating miRNAs (miR-20a-5p, miR-25-3p, miR-30a-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-132-3p, miR-185-5p, miR-320a, and miR-324-3p) are significantly overexpressed in HBV-positive HCC patients compared with HBV-positive cancer-free controls (Sidhu et al, 2015). Aberrant miRNAs has been measured in formalin-fixed paraffinembedded tissues of several tumor types, including HCC, lung cancer, melanoma, pancreatic cancer, papillary thyroid carcinoma, and renal tumors .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis: Circulating miRNAs for Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Huang

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Because early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is difficult to diagnose using the existing techniques, identifying better biomarkers would likely improve the patients' prognoses. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies to appraise the utility of microRNAs (miRNAs) for the early diagnosis of HCC. Pertinent literature was collected from the Medline, Embase, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. We analyzed 50 studies that included 3423 cases of HCC, 2403 chronic hepatic disease (CH) patients, and 1887 healthy controls in 16 articles. Summary receiver operating characteristic analyses of all miRNAs showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82, with 75.8% sensitivity and 75.0% specificity in discriminating patients with HCC from healthy controls. miR-21 and miR-122 individually distinguished patients with HCC from healthy controls, with an AUC of 0.88 for miR-21 and 0.77 for miR-122. The sensitivity and specificity for miR-21 were 86.6% and 79.5%, respectively, those for miR-122 were 68.0% and 73.3%. We conclude that circulating miRNAs, particularly miR-21, and miR-122, are promising biomarkers for the early diagnosis of HCC.

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“…They are non-coding microregulators of ~22 nucleotides in length, which are involved in the regulation of hepatocarcinogenesis (1). miRs may function as oncogenes or as tumor suppressors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional activation of the IGF-II/IGF-1R axis and inhibition of IGFBP-3 by miR-155 in hepatocellular carcinoma

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by the aberrant expression of a number of genes that govern crucial signaling pathways. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis is important in this context, and the precise regulation of expression of members of this axis is known to be lost in HCC. miR-155 is a well-established oncogene in numerous types of cancer. However, to the best of our knowledge, its effect on the regulation of the IGF axis has not been investigated to date. The present study aimed to elucidate the interactions between miR-155 and key components of the IGF axis, in addition to examining its effect on HCC development. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the expression of miR-155 in HCC and cirrhotic tissues, in addition to HCC cell lines. Furthermore, the effect of the induction of miR-155 expression on the expression of three members of the IGF axis [IGF II, IGF type-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3)], was analyzed. Finally, the effect of miR-155 on HCC cell proliferation, migration and clonogenicity was also examined. Quantification of the expression of miR-155 demonstrated that it is upregulated in HCC. Induction of the expression of miR-155 in HCC cell lines led to the upregulation of IGF-II and IGF-IR, and the downregulation of IGFBP-3. In addition, the proliferation, migration and clonogenicity of HCC was increased following induction of miR-155 expression. miR-155 is an oncomiR, which upregulates the oncogenes, IGF-II and IGF-IR, and downregulates the tumor suppressor, IGFBP-3, thereby resulting in increased HCC cell carcinogenicity. Therefore, miR-155 may be a therapeutic target in HCC.

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The “Macro” World of microRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Cited by 33 publications

References 98 publications

Molecular mechanisms of circular RNAs, transforming growth factor‐β, and long noncoding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma

Molecular mechanisms of circular RNAs, transforming growth factor‐β, and long noncoding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma

Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis: Circulating miRNAs for Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Transcriptional activation of the IGF-II/IGF-1R axis and inhibition of IGFBP-3 by miR-155 in hepatocellular carcinoma

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