The M31 globular cluster system

Crampton, D.; Cowley, A. P.; Schade, David; Chayer, P.

doi:10.1086/162815

Cited by 83 publications

(103 citation statements)

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“…26 objects taken from the list of Crampton et al (1985) have no photometry from other sources, hence they lack optical photometry in the JohnsonCousins system and the magnitudes provided by Crampton cannot be consistently transformed to the photometric reference adopted here.…”

Section: Optical Photometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

2MASS NIR photometry for 693 candidate globular clusters in M 31 and the Revised Bologna Catalogue

Galleti

Federici

Bellazzini

et al. 2004

A&A

224

424

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Abstract.We have identified in the 2MASS database 693 known and candidate globular clusters in M 31. The 2MASS J, H, K magnitudes of these objects have been transformed to the same homogeneous photometric system of existing near infrared photometry of M 31 globulars, finally yielding J, H, K integrated photometry for 279 confirmed M 31 clusters, 406 unconfirmed candidates and 8 objects with controversial classification. Of these objects 529 lacked any previous estimate of their near infrared magnitudes. The newly assembled near infrared dataset has been implemented into a revised version of the Bologna Catalogue of M 31 globulars, with updated optical (UBVRI) photometry taken, when possible, from the most recent sources of CCD photometry available in the literature and transformed to a common photometric system. The final Revised Bologna Catalogue (available in electronic form) is the most comprehensive list presently available of confirmed and candidate M 31 globular clusters, with a total of 1164 entries. In particular, it includes 337 confirmed GCs, 688 GC candidates, 10 objects with controversial classification, 70 confirmed galaxies, 55 confirmed stars, and 4 H  regions lying within ∼3• from the center of the M 31 galaxy. Using the newly assembled database we show that the V − K color provides a powerful tool to discriminate between M 31 clusters and background galaxies, and we identify a sample of 83 globular cluster candidates, which is not likely to be contaminated by misclassified galaxies.

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Section: Optical Photometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

2MASS NIR photometry for 693 candidate globular clusters in M 31 and the Revised Bologna Catalogue

Galleti

Federici

Bellazzini

et al. 2004

A&A

224

424

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“…We compared optical colors and apparent magnitudes, color excesses, metallicities, radial velocities, and positions of the two populations using data drawn from the Barmby et al (2000) catalog. We also compared estimates of the core radii, from Crampton et al (1985), and estimates of the clusters' ellipticities, from Staneva, Spassova, & Golev (1996) and D 'Onofrio et al (1994) (these estimates are from ground-based optical imaging and are not particularly precise; their major advantage is that they are available for most of the clusters). A K-S test was used to determine whether the two populations were drawn from the same distribution.…”

Section: Properties Of Clusters With X-ray Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bright X‐Ray Sources in M31 Globular Clusters

Stefano

Kong

Garcia

et al. 2002

ApJ

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We have conducted Chandra observations of $2560 arcmin 2 ($131 kpc 2 ) of M31 and find that the most luminous X-ray sources in most of our fields are in globular clusters. Of the 28 globular cluster X-ray sources in our fields, 15 are newly discovered. Approximately one-third of all the sources have L X ([0.5-7] keV Þ > 10 37 ergs s À1 , and approximately one-tenth of all the sources have L X ([0.5-7] keV) close to or above 10 38 ergs s À1 . The most luminous source, in the globular cluster Bo 375, is consistently observed to have L X greater than 2 Â 10 38 ergs s À1 . (1) We present data on the spectra and/or light curves of the five most luminous M31 globular cluster sources. (2) We explore possible explanations for the high X-ray luminosities of the brightest sources. These include that the X-ray sources may be composites, the radiation we receive may be beamed, metallicity effects could be at work, or the sources may be accreting black holes. We weigh each of these possibilities against the data. In addition, we introduce a neutron star model in which mass transfer proceeds on the thermal timescale of the donor star. Our model can produce luminosities of several times 10 38 ergs s À1 and leads to a set of well-defined predictions. (3) We compute the X-ray luminosity function and the distribution of counts in wavebands that span the range of energies to which Chandra is sensitive. We find the peak X-ray luminosity is higher and that systems with L X > 10 37 ergs s À1 constitute a larger fraction of all GC sources than in our Galaxy. (4) We study the possible reasons for this difference between M31 and Galactic globular cluster X-ray sources and identify three promising explanations.

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“…We have used the data compiled by Harris and Racine (1979) for the former and the data given by Crampton et al (1985) for the latter. The Galactic sample contains 100 clusters and the M31 sample contains 489.…”

Section: Luminosity Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A luminosity function for star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud

Elson

Fall

1985

PASP

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We determine a luminosity function for star clusters brighter than M ß = -4.5 in the LMC, from eye estimates of the integrated magnitudes of all clusters in two large regions of the LMC. The differential luminosity function rises monotonically toward faint magnitudes. Except for a higher abundance of bright clusters, it is qualitatively similar to the luminosity function for the open clusters in our Galaxy. It does not have the single-peaked shape that characterizes the globular-cluster systems of the Galaxy and M 31. We find that the total luminosity of the LMC cluster system is dominated by the brightest members while the fainter clusters contribute most to the total number.

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The M31 globular cluster system

Cited by 83 publications

References 0 publications

2MASS NIR photometry for 693 candidate globular clusters in M 31 and the Revised Bologna Catalogue

2MASS NIR photometry for 693 candidate globular clusters in M 31 and the Revised Bologna Catalogue

Bright X‐Ray Sources in M31 Globular Clusters

A luminosity function for star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud

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