The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment

Akerib, D. S.; Akerlof, C.; Akimov, D.; Alquahtani, A.; Alsum, S.; Anderson, Tyler; Angelides, N.; Araújo, H. M.; Arbuckle, A.; Armstrong, J. E.; Arthurs, M.; Auyeung, H.; Bai, X.; Bailey, A. J.; Balajthy, J.; Balashov, S.; Bang, J.; Barry, M. J.; Barthel, Jochen; Bauer, D.; Bauer, Patrick; Baxter, A.; Belle, Jean Louis Van; Beltrame, P.; Bensinger, J. R.; Benson, Theophilus; Bernard, E. P.; Bernstein, Adam; Bhatti, A.; Biekert, A.; Biesiadzinski, T. P.; Birrittella, B.; Boast, K. E.; Bolozdynya, A.; Boulton, E. M.; Boxer, B.; Bramante, R.; Branson, S.; Brás, P.; Breidenbach, M.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Bunker, R.; Burdin, S.; Busenitz, J.; Campbell, J. S.; Carels, C.; Carlsmith, D.; Carlson, Ben; Carmona-Benitez, M. C.; Cascella, M.; Chan, C.; Cherwinka, J. J.; Chiller, A. A.; Chiller, C.; Chott, N.; Cole, A. A.; Coleman, J. E.; Colling, D.; Conley, R.; Cottle, A.; Coughlen, R.; Craddock, W.; Curran, D.; Currie, A.; Cutter, J. E.; Cunha, J. Pinto da; Dahl, C. E.; Dardin, S.; Dasu, S.; Davis, J.; Davison, T. J. R.; Viveiros, L. de; Decheine, N.; Dobi, A.; Dobson, J.; Druszkiewicz, E.; Dushkin, A.; Edberg, T. K.; Edwards, W. R.; Edwards, B.; Edwards, Jarrod D.; Elnimr, M.; Emmet, W.; Eriksen, S. R.; Faham, C.H.; Fan, A.; Fayer, S.; Fiorucci, S.; Flaecher, H.; Florang, I. M. Fogarty; Ford, P.; Francis, V.; Froborg, F.; Fruth, T.; Gaitskell, R. J.; Gantos, N. J.; García, D. Ramírez; Geffre, A.; Gehman, V. M.; Gelfand, Ryan M.; Genovesi, J.; Gerhard, R. M.; Ghag, C.; Gibson, E. F.; Gilchriese, M.; Gokhale, S.; Gomber, B.; Gonda, T. G.; Greenall, A.; Greenwood, S.; Gregerson, G.; Grinten, M. G. D. van der; Gwilliam, C. B.; Hall, C.; Hamilton, D.; Hans, S.; Hanzel, K.; Harrington, T.; Harrison, Aaron W.; Hasselkus, C.; Haselschwardt, S. J.; Hemer, D.; Hertel, S. A.; Heise, J.; Hillbrand, Seth; Hitchcock, O.; Hjemfelt, C.; Hoff, M.; Holbrook, B.; Holtom, E.; Hor, J. Y.K.; Horn, M.; Huang, Di; Hurteau, T. W.; Ignarra, C. M.; Irving, Michael; Jacobsen, R. G.; Jahangir, O.; Jeffery, S. N.; Ji, W.; Johnson, Michael; Johnson, James Turner; Johnson, Phillip S.; Jones, W. G.; Kaboth, A.; Kamaha, A.; Kamdin, K.; Kasey, V.; Kazkaz, K.; Keefner, J.; Khaitan, D.; Khaleeq, M.; Khazov, A.; Хромов, А. В.; Khurana, I.; Kim, Y. D.; Kim, W. T.; Kocher, C. D.; Konovalov, A. M.; Korley, L.; Korolkova, E. V.; Koyuncu, M.; Kras, J.; Kraus, H.; Kravitz, S.; Krebs, H.; Kreczko, L.; Krikler, B.; Kudryavtsev, V. A.; Kumpan, A.; Kyre, S.; Lambert, A.; Landerud, B.; Larsen, N. A.; Laundrie, A.; Leason, E. A.; Lee, H. S.; Lee, J.; Lee, C.; Lenardo, B. G.; Leonard, D. S.; Leonard, R.; Lesko, K. T.; Lévy, C.; Li, J.; Liu, Y.; Liao, J.; Liao, Fenglin; Lin, J.; Lindote, A.; Linehan, R.; Lippincott, W. H.; Liu, R.; Liu, X.; Loniewski, C.; Lopes, M. I.; Paredes, B. López; Lorenzon, W.; Lucero, Daniel P.; Luitz, S.; Lyle, Justin; Lynch, C.; Majewski, P.; Makkinje, J.; Malling, D.C.; Manalaysay, A.; Manenti, L.; Mannino, R. L.; Marangou, N.; Markley, D.; MarrLaundrie, P.; Martin, Thierry; Marzioni, M. F.; Maupin, C.; McConnell, C. T.; McKinsey, D. N.; McLaughlin, J.; Mei, Dongming; Meng, Y.; Miller, E. H.; Minaker, Z. J.; Mizrachi, E.; Möck, J.; Molash, D.; Monte, A.; Monzani, M. E.; Morad, J. A.; Morrison, E.; Mount, B. J.; Murphy, A. St. J.; Naim, D.; Naylor, Andrew; Nedlik, C.; Nehrkorn, C.; Nelson, H. N.; Nesbit, J.; Neves, F.; Nikkel, J.; Nikoleyczik, J. A.; Nilima, A.; O'Dell, Joe; Oh, Hyunjoo; O’Neill, F. G.; O’Sullivan, K.; Olcina, I.; Olevitch, M. A.; Oliver-Mallory, K. C.; Oxborough, L.; Pagac, A.; Pagenkopf, D.; Pal, Surajit; Palladino, K. J.; Palmaccio, V. M.; Palmer, J. D.; Pangilinan, M.; Patton, S.; Pease, E. K.; Penning, B.; Pereira, G.; Pereira, Carlos Simões; Peterson, I. B.; Piepke, A.; Pierson, Stuart; Powell, S.; Preece, R.; Pushkin, K.; Qie, Y.; Racine, M.; Ratcliff, B. N.; Reichenbacher, J.; Reichhart, L.; Rhyne, C.; Richards, A.; Riffard, Q.; Rischbieter, G. R. C.; Rodrigues, J. P.; Rose, H. J.; Rosero, R.; Rossiter, P.; Rucinski, R.; Rutherford, G.; Rynders, D.; Saba, J. S.; Sabarots, L.; Santone, D.; Sarychev, Michael; Sazzad, A. B. M. R.; Schnee, R. W.; Schubnell, M.; Scovell, P. R.; Severson, M.; Seymour, Danelle K.; Shaw, S.; Shutt, G. W.; Shutt, T.; Silk, Joseph; Silva, C.; Skarpaas, K.; Skulski, W.; Smith, A. R.; Smith, R. J.; Smith, R.; So, J. H.; Solmaz, M.; Solovov, V.; Sørensen, P.; Sosnovtsev, V.; Stancu, I.; Stark, M.; Stephenson, S.; Stern, Nat; Stevens, A.; Stiegler, T.; Stifter, K.; Studley, R.; Sumner, T. J.; Sundarnath, K.; Sutcliffe, P.; Swanson, N.; Szydagis, M.; Tan, Mustafa; Taylor, WC; Taylor, R.; Taylor, D. J.; Temples, D.; Tennyson, B. P.; Terman, P. A.; Thomas, Keenan; Thomson, J.; Tiedt, D. R.; Timalsina, M.; To, W. H.; Tomás, A.; Tope, T.; Tripathi, M.; Tronstad, D. R.; Tull, C. E.; Turner, W.; Tvrznikova, L.; Utes, M.; Utku, U.; Uvarov, S.; Va’vra, J.; Vacheret, A.; Vaitkus, Audrius; Verbus, J.R.; Vietanen, T.; Voirin, E.; Vuosalo, C.; Walcott, S.; Waldron, W. L.; Walker, K.; Wang, J. J.; Wang, R.; Wang, L.; Wang, Y.; Watson, J. R.; Migneault, J.; Weatherly, S.; Webb, R.; Wei, Wenlu; While, M.; White, R.; White, J. T.; White, D.; Whitis, T. J.; Wisniewski, W. J.; Wilson, K.; Witherell, M. S.; Wolfs, F. L. H.; Wolfs, J. D.; Woodward, David I.; Worm, S. D.; Xiang, X.; Xiao, Qiang; Xu, J.; Yeh, M.; Yin, Jun; Young, Ian T.; Zhang, C.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2019.163047

Cited by 159 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Further, the KSVZ model can now be probed at the direct detection experiments. A similar region of the g aγ -m a space will also be investigated at LZ [70] and SuperCDMS SNOLAB [71], where the reach for g aγ needs to be scaled for the new detector type roughly by…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse Primakoff Scattering as a Probe of Solar Axions at Liquid Xenon Direct Detection Experiments

et al. 2020

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We show that XENON1T and future liquid xenon (LXe) direct detection experiments are sensitive to axions through the standard g aγ aFF operators due to inverse-Primakoff scattering. This previously neglected channel significantly improves the sensitivity to the axion-photon coupling, with a reach extending to g aγ ∼ 10 −10 GeV −1 for axion masses up to a keV, thereby extending into the region of heavier QCD axion models. This result modifies the couplings required to explain the XENON1T excess in terms of solar axions, opening a large region of g aγ-m a parameter space that is not ruled out by the CAST helioscope experiment and reducing the tension with the astrophysical constraints. We explore the sensitivity to solar axions for future generations of LXe detectors that can exceed future helioscope experiments, such as IAXO, for a large region of parameter space.

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confidence: 99%

Inverse Primakoff Scattering as a Probe of Solar Axions at Liquid Xenon Direct Detection Experiments

et al. 2020

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“…Xenon-based detectors also play an essential role for the direct detection of dark matter, like in XENON1T [174], LUX-ZEPLIN [175,176], PANDAX [177], XMASS [178], and future DARWIN [179]. Sensitivity of some of these projects also to the neutrinoless DBD of 136 Xe has been evaluated, taking advantage of the significant amount of this isotope even without isotopic enrichment [180,181].…”

Section: Activation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmogenic Activation in Double Beta Decay Experiments

Cebrián

2020

Universe

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Double beta decay is a very rare nuclear process and, therefore, experiments intended to detect it must be operated deep underground and in ultra-low background conditions. Long-lived radioisotopes produced by the previous exposure of materials to cosmic rays on the Earth’s surface or even underground can become problematic for the required sensitivity. Here, the studies developed to quantify and reduce the activation yields in detectors and materials used in the set-up of these experiments will be reviewed, considering target materials like germanium, tellurium and xenon together with other ones commonly used like copper, lead, stainless steel or argon. Calculations following very different approaches and measurements from irradiation experiments using beams or directly cosmic rays will be considered for relevant radioisotopes. The effect of cosmogenic activation in present and future double beta decay projects based on different types of detectors will be analyzed too.

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“…The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) dark matter direct detection experiment [1][2][3][4] will use a dual-phase, 7 tonne liquid-gas xenon time projection chamber (TPC). The goals of LZ encompass primarily the pursuit of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) through spin-independent and spin-dependent interactions with target xenon nuclei, but also axions and axion-like particles, searches for additional dark matter candidates using effective field theory (EFT), and neutrino-less double-beta decay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hit pattern of light on these PMTs, particularly the localization of the S2 signal on the top array, allows for effective 3D position reconstruction of the interaction vertices. The main design features of the LZ detector are described in greater detail in [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulations of events for the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) dark matter experiment

Akerib

Akerlof

Alqahtani

et al. 2021

Astroparticle Physics

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The LUX-ZEPLIN dark matter search aims to achieve a sensitivity to the WIMP-nucleon spinindependent cross-section down to (1-2)×10 −12 pb at a WIMP mass of 40 GeV/c 2. This paper describes the simulations framework that, along with radioactivity measurements, was used to support this projection, and also to provide mock data for validating reconstruction and analysis software. Of particular note are the event generators, which allow us to model the background radiation, and the detector response physics used in the production of raw signals, which can be converted into digitized waveforms similar to data from the operational detector. Inclusion of the detector response allows us to process simulated data using the same analysis routines as developed to process the experimental data.

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The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment

Cited by 159 publications

References 24 publications

Inverse Primakoff Scattering as a Probe of Solar Axions at Liquid Xenon Direct Detection Experiments

Inverse Primakoff Scattering as a Probe of Solar Axions at Liquid Xenon Direct Detection Experiments

Cosmogenic Activation in Double Beta Decay Experiments

Simulations of events for the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) dark matter experiment

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