The lungs at birth.

Strang, L. B.

doi:10.1136/adc.40.214.575

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…weeks post-fertilization to parturition [61] and our foetal calves were around 16 weeks old. Generally, the remaining foetal tissues measured in this study are reported to be functionally inert in the foetal development stage, including lungs [62] and explains the under-expression of the MP genes.…”

Section: Differential Expression Of Mitochondrial Protein Genesmentioning

confidence: 75%

Expression of mitochondrial protein genes encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genomes correlate with energy metabolism in dairy cattle

Dorji

Jagt

Garner

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Mutations in the mitochondrial genome have been implicated in mitochondrial disease, often characterised by impaired cellular energy metabolism. Cellular energy metabolism in mitochondria involves mitochondrial proteins (MPs) from both the nuclear ( Nu MP) and mitochondrial ( Mt MP) genomes. The expression of MP genes in tissues may be tissue specific to meet varying specific energy demands across the tissues. Currently, the characteristics of MP gene expression in tissues of dairy cattle are not well understood. In this study, we profile the expression of MP genes in 29 adult and six foetal tissues in dairy cattle using RNA sequencing and gene expression analyses: particularly differential gene expression and co-expression network analyses. Results MP genes were differentially expressed (DE; over-expressed or under-expressed) across tissues in cattle. All 29 tissues showed DE Nu MP genes in varying proportions of over-expression and under-expression. On the other hand, DE of Mt MP genes was observed in <50% of tissues and notably Mt MP genes within a tissue was either all over-expressed or all under-expressed . A high proportion of Nu MP (up to 60%) and Mt MP (up to 100%) genes were over-expressed in tissues with expected high metabolic demand; heart, skeletal muscles and tongue, and under-expressed (up to 45% of Nu MP, 77% of Mt MP genes) in tissues with expected low metabolic rates; leukocytes, thymus, and lymph nodes. These tissues also invariably had the expression of all Mt MP genes in the direction of dominant Nu MP genes expression. The Nu MP and Mt MP genes were highly co-expressed across tissues and co-expression of genes in a cluster were non-random and functionally enriched for energy generation pathways. The differential gene expression and co-expression patterns were validated in independent cow and sheep datasets. Conclusions This study demonstrated the biological interaction of MP genes from the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes and their over-expression in tissues with high energy demand. This highlights the importance of considering MP genes from both genomes in future studies related to mitochondrial functions and traits related to energy metabolism.

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Section: Differential Expression Of Mitochondrial Protein Genesmentioning

confidence: 75%

Expression of mitochondrial protein genes encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genomes correlate with energy metabolism in dairy cattle

Dorji

Jagt

Garner

et al. 2020

Preprint

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show abstract

“…We do not have data to explain this unexpected finding. However, it is not unreasonable to assume that those neonates who later went on to develop the more severe forms of BPD were those who were born with the most immature lungs, characterised by low compliance due to low surfactant production and less developed and stiffer small and medium sized airways and distal respiratory airway structures [ 21 , 22 ]. This is in accordance with major studies of EP-born neonates which show that low gestational age ( i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventilator flow data predict bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely premature neonates

2018

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Early prediction of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) may facilitate tailored management for neonates at risk. We investigated whether easily accessible flow data from a mechanical ventilator can predict BPD in neonates born extremely premature (EP).In a prospective population-based study of EP-born neonates, flow data were obtained from the ventilator during the first 48 h of life. Data were logged for >10 min and then converted to flow–volume loops using custom-made software. Tidal breathing parameters were calculated and averaged from ≥200 breath cycles, and data were compared between those who later developed moderate/severe and no/mild BPD.Of 33 neonates, 18 developed moderate/severe and 15 no/mild BPD. The groups did not differ in gestational age, surfactant treatment or ventilator settings. The infants who developed moderate/severe BPD had evidence of less airflow obstruction, significantly so for tidal expiratory flow at 50% of tidal expiratory volume (TEF50) expressed as a ratio of peak tidal expiratory flow (PTEF) (p=0.007). A compound model estimated by multiple logistic regression incorporating TEF50/PTEF, birthweight z-score and sex predicted moderate/severe BPD with good accuracy (area under the curve 0.893, 95% CI 0.735–0.973).This study suggests that flow data obtained from ventilators during the first hours of life may predict later BPD in premature neonates. Future and larger studies are needed to validate these findings and to determine their clinical usefulness.

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“…For example, the 1958 British Perinatal Mortality Survey (Butler and Bonham, 1963) showed that the respiratory distress syndrome accounted for 37.5 per cent of early neonatal deaths of infants weighing 1,001 to 2,500 g. at birth but for only 8.3 per cent of those weighing more than 2,500 g. In this syndrome absence of pulmonary surfaceactive material (surfactant) leads to underventilation and circulatory disturbances in the lungs (Strang, 1965) and the consequent hypoxia is an important cause of permanent brain damage in surviving infants. Oxygen lack may also result from periods of respiratory arrest.…”

Section: Handicapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Handicap in Childhood

Mitchell

1966

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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The lungs at birth.

Cited by 25 publications

References 21 publications

Expression of mitochondrial protein genes encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genomes correlate with energy metabolism in dairy cattle

Expression of mitochondrial protein genes encoded by nuclear and mitochondrial genomes correlate with energy metabolism in dairy cattle

Ventilator flow data predict bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely premature neonates

Chronic Handicap in Childhood

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