“…Some of these effectors interact with master regulators of metabolism, such as the SNF1 (sucrose non-fermenting 1)-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) (Baena-González et al, 2007;Emanuelle et al, 2015;Tomé et al, 2014) and the target-ofrapamycin (TOR) kinase (Tomé et al, 2014;Xiong et al, 2013), which exert major controls on the regulation of genes involved in catabolic processes (proteolysis, amino acid catabolism, sugar degradation, lipid catabolism) that can compensate low carbohydrate and low energy situations. In Arabidopsis, SnRK1 acts through the activation of bZIP transcription factors on asparagine biosynthesis and branched-chain amino acid metabolism (Dietrich et al, 2011), and the dynamics of these important amino acids is affected by chemically-and functionally-diverse herbicides, such as acetolactate synthase inhibitors (Duhoux et al, 2015), glyphosate (Serra et al, , 2015a(Serra et al, , 2015bVivancos et al, 2011), or atrazine , by the atrazine derivative hydroxyatrazine (Serra et al, , 2015a, and by the glyphosate derivative aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) (Serra et al, , 2015a.…”