The “Lost” Personality Disorders and Their Relationships to the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders Among Older Adults

Stone, Lisa E.; Segal, Daniel L.; Coolidge, Frederick L.

doi:10.1024/1662-9647/a000266

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In addition, assessing relationships between intrapersonal functioning and diverse types of anxiety with interpersonal aspects of personality functioning (e.g., traditional PD symptoms) among older adults may be a logical future direction. Indeed, PDs in the older adult population are largely understudied, and further research should be directed toward a more complete understanding regarding anxiety and personality functioning in later life (Coolidge et al, 2000; Noel et al, 2021; Stone et al, 2021; Stone & Segal, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between Diverse Forms of Anxiety With Intrapersonal Functioning Among Older Adults

Mock,

Segal

2023

Int J Aging Hum Dev

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This study assessed how clinical anxiety, anxiety about aging, and death anxiety related to one another and to intrapersonal functioning. Older adults completed the Geriatric Anxiety Scale, Anxiety About Aging Scale, Death Anxiety Scale-Extended, and Intrapersonal Problems Rating Scale. Clinical anxiety was strongly correlated with anxiety about aging ( r = .50) and death anxiety ( r = .59), and anxiety about aging and death anxiety were strongly positively correlated with each other ( r = .51). Intrapersonal problems were significantly and strongly positively correlated with clinical anxiety ( r = .79), anxiety about aging ( r = .50), and death anxiety ( r = .56). Multiple regression results showed that the three types of anxiety accounted for a large amount of variance in intrapersonal problems. Findings suggest strong comorbidities between diverse forms of anxiety with some unique features. Intrapersonal deficits may be prominent in the presence of diverse forms of anxiety. Screening should consider these relationships.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between Diverse Forms of Anxiety With Intrapersonal Functioning Among Older Adults

Mock,

Segal

2023

Int J Aging Hum Dev

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“…Future studies would benefit from an increased focus on how sadism relates to the maladaptive personality traits formulated in DSM-5`s Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) [16] and in the ICD-11 personality disorder chapter [25]. So far, there was only one study on the former that showed self-reported sadism traits to relate mostly to AMPD's callousness facet within the antagonism trait [73]. It could also be expected that sadism would further relate to the AMPD facets of hostility, manipulativeness, impulsivity, or deceitfulness-but the fact that this was not the case could potentially be ascribed to the study sample consisting of older adults [73].…”

Section: Suggestions For Future Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, there was only one study on the former that showed self-reported sadism traits to relate mostly to AMPD's callousness facet within the antagonism trait [73]. It could also be expected that sadism would further relate to the AMPD facets of hostility, manipulativeness, impulsivity, or deceitfulness-but the fact that this was not the case could potentially be ascribed to the study sample consisting of older adults [73]. For the ICD-11, it could be expected that sadism would relate to dissociality and disinhibition traits.…”

Section: Suggestions For Future Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sadism and Personality Disorders

Lobbestael,

Slaoui,

Gollwitzer

2023

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Purpose of Review Sadistic pleasure—the enjoyment of harm-infliction to others—can have devastating interpersonal and societal consequences. The goal of the current review is to illuminate the nomological net of traits related to sadism. We aim to achieve an understanding of the current empirical status on the link between sadism and personality disorders, psychopathy, the Dark Triad, and basic personality traits in clinical and community-based samples. Recent Findings The field is dominated by self-report studies on the Dark Triad with convenience samples. The link with DSM personality disorders has hardly been empirically studied. Existing evidence shows that sadism is most strongly related to increased psychopathic personality traits. Summary Sadism can originate both from the interpersonal, affective, and behavioural basis of dark personality traits. There are diverging ideas on the differential status between sadism, psychopathy, and other dark traits. Research is needed on the causal impact of the broader range of personality disorders on sadism, in more diverse samples, including behavioural assessments of sadistic pleasure, as well as on the interplay of such personality traits with situational and affective aspects, and victim attitudes.

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Social impairment and personality disorder features among older adults: An application of the circumplex model

Stone

Segal

2021

Personality & Mental Health

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The interpersonal circumplex is a model that places interpersonal problems along two axes (communion and agency), resulting in eight theoretically derived patterns. Application of the circumplex to older adults is poorly understood. Subsequently, this study examined relationships between the interpersonal circumplex and personality disorder (PD) features among older adults, since social impairments are core components of PDs. Two models of PDs were examined: the traditional model of 10 PDs and the Alternative Model of PDs (AMPD) with its personality functioning and pathological personality trait features. Older adults (N = 202) completed the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-Short Circumplex, Coolidge Axis II Inventory, Levels of Personality Functioning Scale-Self-Report, and Personality Inventory for DSM-5. Overlap between the interpersonal circumplex and PD features were detected, but patterns were distinct from prior studies with younger samples. Cluster B and C PD features showed meaningful relationships, whereas Cluster A did not. The circumplex was limited in its relation to the AMPD's personality functioning. The communion component of the circumplex significantly related to the AMPD's pathological trait model, whereas the agency component was limited in its association with pathological traits. Overall, the circumplex meaningfully related to PD features across two different PD models, providing some evidence of validity.

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The “Lost” Personality Disorders and Their Relationships to the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders Among Older Adults

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Relationships Between Diverse Forms of Anxiety With Intrapersonal Functioning Among Older Adults

Relationships Between Diverse Forms of Anxiety With Intrapersonal Functioning Among Older Adults

Sadism and Personality Disorders

Social impairment and personality disorder features among older adults: An application of the circumplex model

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