The long-term outcome of subthreshold depression in later life

Jeuring, Hans W.; Huisman, Martijn; Comijs, Hannie C.; Stek, Max L.; Beekman, Aartjan T.F.

doi:10.1017/s0033291716001549

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, in the present study, only the scores for the depression (DASS 21-D) and anxiety (DASS 21-A) subscales were calculated by summing the scores for the relevant items of each sub-case then multiplied by two, following the DASS Scale manual [42]. The DASS 21-D classifies the scores as normal (0-7), mild (8-9), moderate (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), severe (15)(16)(17)(18)(19) and extremely severe (20 and above) while the DASS 21-A classifies scores as normal (0-9), mild (10-13), moderate (14-20), severe (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27) and extremely severe (≥ 28) [43]. Higher scores indicated a higher level of severity in each dimension.…”

Section: Independent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of loneliness and association with depressive and anxiety symptoms among retirees in Northcentral Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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Background: Retirees face numerous challenges, including disassociation from persons in their social networks in Nigeria. Perceived social isolation or loneliness could impair the quality of life in old age, and lead to mental disorders. However, it is uncertain whether perceived loneliness has an independent association with depressive and anxiety symptoms and comorbid conditions in Nigerian retirees. Therefore, we aimed at examining the association between perceived loneliness, depressive and anxiety symptoms, including comorbid conditions among retirees in Northcentral Nigeria. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study enrolled retirees aged 60 years and above in different pension zones from February 2019 to August 2019. A two-stage sampling procedure was used to select the study participants. Data on perceived loneliness, depressive, and anxiety symptoms were collected using the 8-item University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (ULS-8), and the DASS 21-depression and anxiety subscales, respectively. We collected information on the demographic characteristics using a well-validated structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, binary and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine the independent associations between loneliness, depression, anxiety, and anxious depression. P-values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of participants was 71.3 (± 6.01) years, and 54.4% were men. The prevalence of loneliness, depression, anxiety, and anxious depression was 21.8, 52.0, 27.7, and 20.5%, respectively. Retirees with depression or anxiety symptoms perceived that they were lonelier than those without depression or anxiety. The multivariable logistic regression model showed that female gender (AOR 1.49; 95% CI (1.09, 2.00), having secondary education (AOR 2.24, 95% CI (1.40, 3.57) and having higher education (AOR 3.82, 95%CI (2.37, 6.16) were significantly associated with depression. Also, lonely retirees are 1.19 times (AOR 1.19; 95% CI (0.84, 1.69) more likely to be depressed compared to retirees that are not lonely, and the anxious depressed retirees are 314.58 times (AOR 314.58; 95% CI (508.05, 1941.70) more likely to be depressed than those without anxious depression.

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Section: Independent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, depressive symptoms have been associated with reduced quality of life [19], reduced activity levels, and higher mortality [20]. Older adults experiencing perceived loneliness and depressive symptoms have poor general wellbeing [21] and maybe prone to the risk of suicide [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of loneliness and association with depressive and anxiety symptoms among retirees in Northcentral Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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“…The depressive disorders involved here should be divided into 2 types: primary depressive disorders without neurological or other systemic diseases, and other types of depressive disorders with organic or subsequent disorders; the latter can be called secondary depressive disorder or comorbidity. Patients with chronic medical conditions are high-risk groups of depressive disorders [9,10]. Some patients or families with a primary depressive disorder can also be psychologically diagnosed with "depression," which can also make diagnosis and treatment easier.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Patients With Mental Disorders In Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening the Ability of General Hospital Neurology Departments to Treat Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Mental Disorders

Zhu

Pan

2018

Integr Med Int

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Due to the “stigma” of neuropsychological and psychogenic disorders in China, patients with psychological and affective disorders mostly prefer to go to general hospitals or integrative medicine hospitals, while the majority of patients with mental disorders in the department of internal medicine are treated in the department of neurology. At present, there are few physicians with the ability to diagnose and treat neuropsychiatric diseases properly in the neurological department of general hospitals in China, and the diagnosis and treatment experience of mental diseases is insufficient. At the same time, the diagnosis and treatment of comorbid patients with internal diseases and mental disorders are more complicated. The psychology departments in general hospitals or mental health centers also have a limited ability to diagnose and treat comorbid diseases relating to internal medicine and mental disorders together. Therefore, this article reviews the current status of diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatric and mental disorders in general hospitals or integrative medicine hospitals.

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“…Living with elevated symptoms of depression can have debilitating consequences for an individual's psychosocial and physical functioning, quality of life, and healthcare utilization [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Moreover, elevated depressive symptomatology is a significant risk factor for developing major depression [9][10][11], and has been associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality [12][13][14][15], risk of disability [16], and carries an estimated annual economic cost of $210.5 billion [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Self-Paced, Web-Based, Positive Emotion Skills Intervention for Reducing Symptoms of Depression: Protocol for Development and Pilot Testing of MARIGOLD (Preprint)

Cheung¹,

Addington²,

Bassett³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Background: Living with elevated symptoms of depression can have debilitating consequences for an individual's psychosocial and physical functioning, quality of life, and healthcare utilization. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that skills for increasing positive emotion can be helpful to individuals with depression. Although online interventions to reduce negative emotion in individuals with depression are available, these interventions frequently suffer from poor retention and adherence, and do not capitalize on the potential benefits of increasing positive emotion.

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The long-term outcome of subthreshold depression in later life

Abstract: Although older people with SUBD are clearly at risk of developing MDD, the majority did not, even after a long and thorough follow-up. Given the risk factors that were uncovered, targeting and prevention of MDD in those at very high risk is feasible.

Cited by 36 publications

References 52 publications

Prevalence of loneliness and association with depressive and anxiety symptoms among retirees in Northcentral Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Prevalence of loneliness and association with depressive and anxiety symptoms among retirees in Northcentral Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Strengthening the Ability of General Hospital Neurology Departments to Treat Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Mental Disorders

A Self-Paced, Web-Based, Positive Emotion Skills Intervention for Reducing Symptoms of Depression: Protocol for Development and Pilot Testing of MARIGOLD (Preprint)

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