The long‐term impact of developmental stress. Evidence from later medieval and post‐medieval London (AD1117–1853)

Watts, Rebecca

doi:10.1002/ajpa.22810

Cited by 58 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Additional studies use factors such as the timing of stress events or evidence for developmental stability as measures of exposure to early life stress and the resultant consequences on life history. Transverse diameter of the vertebral neural canal was associated with adult mortality in low status males and high/middle status females in Medieval and Historic London, while no mortality risk was found in high status males and low status females . The results suggest variation in the physiological constraints following early life adversity may occur according to economic status or gendered identities.…”

Section: Bioarchaeological Approachesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Bioarchaeological evidence for adaptive plasticity and constraint: Exploring life‐history trade‐offs in the human past

Temple

2018

Evolutionary Anthropology

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The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease paradigm evaluates the consequences of early life stress on health at later stages of life. Interacting with this paradigm represents a profound opportunity to leverage the lifespan and contextual approaches to human skeletal remains adopted by bioarchaeological research. Teeth and bone provide evidence for stressors experienced early in life. These events represent evidence for adaptive plasticity as Individuals survive the events through reallocation of energy to essential physiological functions, which inhibits enamel and skeletal growth. Age‐at‐death, adult body size, chronic infection, or childhood mortality may be used as covariates to better understand the physiological constraints operating on individual bodies following survival of early life stress. Contextual evidence from cemeteries provides clues to the ecological and cultural contingencies that exacerbate or mitigate the expression of these trade‐offs. Future studies should incorporate newly derived methods that provide reproducible and precise ways to evaluate early life stress, while incorporating populations that are often neglected.

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Section: Bioarchaeological Approachesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Bioarchaeological evidence for adaptive plasticity and constraint: Exploring life‐history trade‐offs in the human past

Temple

2018

Evolutionary Anthropology

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“…Various studies on the distribution of LEH showed an association with decreased lifespan (Goodman, 1989;Goodman and Armelagos, 1989;Duray, 1996;Steckel, 2005;Boldsen, 2007;Armelagos et al, 2009). However, the opposite relationship was also found (Amoroso et al, 2014;Watts, 2015) and thus the relationship between early insults and premature mortality is still to be fully understood. Despite the proportion of affected individuals being slightly higher at a younger age, this difference was not significant (Fisher's exact test, p value=0.8885).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the archeological sample from Santarém, there are no spoil in the graves because the Islamic burial ritual promotes equality in death, which invalidates any associations with social classes (Matias, 2009b(Matias, , 2009c. Yet, other studies on the association of LEH and longevity have reported no relationship with socioeconomic status (Duray, 1996;Watts, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mecanismos de atención materno infantiles en dos contextos comparativos: México-Beijing

Saul¹,

Sánchez²

2017

Antrop. Port.

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“…Thus, even if the number of individuals originally buried in a particular archaeological site was quite large, it might only be possible to excavate a small proportion of them. For example, the excavated assemblage from the medieval East Smithfield cemetery from London, which has been used for various studies reported in AJPA (e.g., DeWitte, ; Kendall, Montgomery, Evans, Stantis, & Mueller, ; Margerison & Knüsel, ; Watts, ), represents only about 25% of the original cemetery. In paleodemography, sample sizes sufficiently large for interpretable analyses are often obtained by pooling data temporally, geographically, or along some other variable.…”

Section: Problems With Demographic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic anthropology

DeWitte

2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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K E Y W O R D S : enthnographic census, life tables, paleodemography, population models 1 | I N TR ODU C TI ON Demography is the study of population dynamics. The primary foci of demography are rates and levels of mortality, fertility, and migration and how these all interact to produce population growth (or decline), density, and age-and sex-structures; how these rates or levels vary across time and space and what produces such variation; and what consequences these have on other aspects of human (or nonhuman) existence. These demographic phenomena lie at the very heart of evolution. Natural selection occurs as a result of differential fertility and mortality within a population; gene flow occurs because of migration between populations; and the effects of genetic drift are dependent upon population size, which is an outcome of the interactions among mortality, fertility, and migration (Gage, DeWitte, & Wood, 2012).These demographic forces also affect, are affected by, and reflect many of the things that anthropologists find most interesting. For example, the age-sex structure of a population influences the population's ratio of consumers to producers and numbers of potential marriage partners, and thus places limits on such things as subsistence strategies and household structure. The age-sex structure of a population can also significantly influence economic relationships among families and communities, as cultures often have inheritance and habitation rules that depend on the sex and sometimes age of individuals, and thus are inherently influenced strongly by demographic structure. Population growth and density affect socio-political structures and shape disease ecologies, which can, in turn, affect demographic rates and drive biological and cultural adaptations. Sociocultural phenomena also have the potential to powerfully shape demography. For example, warfare can have short-and long-term effects on sex ratios or age structures (as in the case of the post-World War II baby boom). Sexselective infanticide and abortion, and withholding of resources or medical care from daughters because of cultural preferences for sons affects sex ratios. Economic policies and warfare influence patterns of migration. Ultimately, demography is relevant to all fields of anthropology, whether or not all anthropologists are interested in demography itself and its effects on other aspects of human life. Although, as can be seen in the pages of the American Journal of Physical Anthropology, numerous anthropologists over the last 100 years of the journal's existence have been explicitly interested in demography, and in demographic anthropology in particular. In contrast to national demography, which primarily focuses on large datasets (often derived from censuses) from European and other industrialized populations, demographic anthropology typically focuses on relatively small, nonindustrial populations from which data are collected as a part of ethnographic fieldwork. Demographic anthropology also examines the demography of populat...

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The long‐term impact of developmental stress. Evidence from later medieval and post‐medieval London (AD1117–1853)

Cited by 58 publications

References 58 publications

Bioarchaeological evidence for adaptive plasticity and constraint: Exploring life‐history trade‐offs in the human past

Bioarchaeological evidence for adaptive plasticity and constraint: Exploring life‐history trade‐offs in the human past

Mecanismos de atención materno infantiles en dos contextos comparativos: México-Beijing

Demographic anthropology

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