The Lofty Lives of Aerial Consumers: Linking Population Ecology and Aeroecology

Frick, Winifred F.; Krauel, Jennifer J.; Broadfoot, Kyle R.; Kelly, Jeffrey F.; Chilson, Phillip B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68576-2_15

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…There is an innumerable variety of radar systems which, at least theoretically could be used for tracking birds (Chilson et al a, b). In practice, there is a limited number of systems used for tracking bird targets (Drake and Bruderer 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vertical bird profiles were extracted every 5 min from 133 m up to 2000 m a.g.l. Details on bird extraction procedure from this radar system and the calculation of the MTRs adapted to the respective data collection mode are given in Weisshaupt et al (). This radar is referred to as radar wind profiler (RWP).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lower atmosphere is the most relevant space for the exchange of biomass within and between continents (Chilson et al a, b). This airspace is continuously monitored by several sensors, mainly radar systems from the ground and from satellites (North 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, proper quantification of migratory intensities remained a challenge until today, and the statement made by Nisbet () – ‘None of the quantitative results of this paper can be applied immediately to other radar stations used to study bird migration’ – still holds true. Among the variety of radar systems used for tracking birds, weather radars (WR) have become more and more a standard tool to monitor nocturnal broad front migration of birds (Able , Gauthreaux and Belser 1998, Diehl et al 2003, Chilson et al ), and, to a much lesser extent, for quantifying nightly dispersal of bats (Horn and Kunz , Frick et al ) and insects (Leskinen et al , Rennie ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another drawback is that these systems operate in different scanning modes ruled by the national met‐offices (Huuskonen et al ). It is therefore not surprising that most published studies on bird migration using multiple WR systems are based on the US‐WR network NEXRAD (Buler and Diehl , Horton et al 2016, La Sorte et al ); but see Nilsson et al ().…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross‐calibration of different radar systems for monitoring nocturnal bird migration across Europe and the Near East

et al. 2018

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Large parts of the continents are continuously scanned by terrestrial weather radars to monitor precipitation and wind conditions. These systems also monitor the mass movements of bird, bat, and insect migration, but it is still unknown how many of these systems perform with regard to detection and quantification of migration intensities of the different groups. In this study that was undertaken within five regions across Europe and the Middle East we examined to what extent bird migration intensities derived from different weather radars are comparable between each other and relate to intensities measured by local small‐scaled radars, some of them specifically developed to monitor birds. Good correspondence was found for the relative day‐to‐day pattern in migration intensities among most radar systems that were compared. Absolute intensities varied between different systems and regions. The findings of this study can be used to infer about absolute bird migration intensities measured by different radar systems and consequently help resolving methodological issues regarding the estimation of migrant numbers in the Western‐Palearctic region. It further depicts a scientific basis for the future monitoring of migratory bird populations across a large spatio‐temporal scale, predicting their movements and studying its consequences on ecological systems and human lives.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross‐calibration of different radar systems for monitoring nocturnal bird migration across Europe and the Near East

et al. 2018

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Bats Flying at High Altitudes

McCracken

Lee

Gillam

et al. 2021

50 Years of Bat Research

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BATScan: A radar classification tool reveals large‐scale bat migration patterns

Werber,

Sextin,

Yovel

et al. 2023

Methods Ecol Evol

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1. Bat movement and behaviour are still mostly understudied over large scales. Highaltitude, nocturnal activity makes visual identification of bats from the ground virtually impossible, dramatically hindering our ability to study their movement ecology.Despite the wide use of radar in aeroecology, its application to study specific taxa is limited due to incomplete target classification abilities. BATScan is a bat classifier for vertical-looking radar data, which enables identifying bats and characterizing their unique aeroecology.2. We constructed the classifier using data from 10 radar deployments, covering a wide range of habitats on a central bird migration flyway over a 7-year period, comprising ~18 million observations. We analysed animal migration above the Hula Valley, home to over 30 species of bats spanning a range of 5-150 g in size and exhibiting a variety of ecological characteristics. We distinguished bat-labelled radar echoes for training according to phenology, morphology and movement ecology of bats, birds and insects. Several non-bat datasets were constructed and joined to train classifiers under increasing levels of difficulty. Class imbalance in the resulting training data was handled using a generative adversarial network for up-sampling the much smaller bat dataset.The resulting classification tool reached a high level of accuracy and precision, and was further scrutinized with an extensive set of ecological validations.3. Bats perform seasonal migrations over long distances, but little is known about the spatial and temporal characteristics of this movement, and the ability to study it at a large scale has so far been limited. We present the Israeli BATScan dataset, containing over 60,000 bat observations spanning the entire country and representing multiple habitats. Using this data, we produce an unprecedented large scale, highly detailed documentation of the yearly movements of bats on a major migration flyway, and distinguish this pattern from bird migration over space and time. 4. So far, radar aeroecology dealt primarily with birds, increasingly with insects, and only rarely with bats. We present BATScan, a classification tool that can incorporate bats into the framework of radar aeroecology to finally enable a comprehensive description of animal aeroecology. | 1765Methods in Ecology and Evoluঞon WERBER et al.

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The Lofty Lives of Aerial Consumers: Linking Population Ecology and Aeroecology

Cited by 6 publications

References 62 publications

Cross‐calibration of different radar systems for monitoring nocturnal bird migration across Europe and the Near East

Cross‐calibration of different radar systems for monitoring nocturnal bird migration across Europe and the Near East

Bats Flying at High Altitudes

BATScan: A radar classification tool reveals large‐scale bat migration patterns

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