The location of brainstem neurons which project bilaterally to the spinal trigeminal nuclei as demonstrated by the double flourescent retrograde tracer technique

Beitz, Alvin J.; Wells, W. E.; Shepard, Ryan D.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)91156-3

Cited by 29 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These findings contrast with anatomical studies that show that direct projections from the PAG to the spinal cord dorsal horn are predominantly ipsilateral (29). However, other animal studies that demonstrate PAG inhibition also conflict over the ipsilateral vs. contralateral functional preference (30–32). Moreover, it is possible that the innervation is not direct but polysynaptic and involving other brain systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurovascular Headache and A Midbrain Vascular Malformation: Evidence for A Role of the Brainstem in Chronic Migraine

Goadsby

2002

Cephalalgia

148

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Migraine is a common, disabling form of primary headache that has been linked by functional imaging studies to activation in the rostral brainstem. In specialty clinics migraine is most commonly seen in association with frequent less feature full headache that has been called transformed migraine or more recently termed chronic migraine. A patient is described with frequent migraine, 3 days per week, and less feature full headaches on other days. The patient has a cavernoma in the midbrain that has bled. She was previously headache free and now has contralateral daily headache. The patient supports the functional imaging observations from positron emission tomography (PET) that the rostral brainstem is pivotal in migraine pathophysiology, particularly the contralateral midbrain periaqueductal grey matter. Moreover, the patient's lesion provides biologically plausible support that a single entity causes her clinical presentation: chronic migraine, not two-disorders, migraine and tension-type headache.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurovascular Headache and A Midbrain Vascular Malformation: Evidence for A Role of the Brainstem in Chronic Migraine

Goadsby

2002

Cephalalgia

148

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“…In the cat, of the three raphe nuclei in the RVM only nucleus raphe magnus, but not nucleus raphe obscurus and nucleus raphe pallidus, gives afferents to the Vc (Lovick and Wolstencroft, 1983). However, in rats, nucleus raphe obscurus and nucleus raphe pallidus neurons also appear to project to Vc (Beitz et al, 1983). The greatest serotoninergic inputs to the spinal trigeminal nucleus are from the RVM regions, including nucleus raphe magnus and the GiA (Beitz, 1982).…”

Section: Rvm-vi/vc Connectionsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…In addition to inhibitory descending input, emerging evidence suggests that RVM facilitates neuropathic pain, secondary hyperalgesia, and persistent pain of deep tissues Ren and Dubner, 2002;Vanegas and Schaible, 2004). Previous studies suggest that trigeminal neurons have connections with neurons in the nucleus raphe magnus, the major component of the RVM (Beitz et al, 1983;Carlton et al, 1983;Lovick and Robinson, 1983;Lovick and Wolstencroft, 1983;Basbaum et al, 1986;Li et al, 1993a,b). The spinal trigeminal nucleus receives serotonergic and enkephalinergic projections from the nucleus raphe magnus (Beitz, 1982;Beitz et al, 1987).…”

Section: Indexing Terms: Fluorogold; Freund's Adjuvant; Fos; Descendimentioning

confidence: 90%

Trigeminal transition zone/rostral ventromedial medulla connections and facilitation of orofacial hyperalgesia after masseter inflammation in rats

Sugiyo

Takemura

Dubner

et al. 2005

J of Comparative Neurology

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Recent studies have implicated a role for the trigeminal interpolaris/caudalis (Vi/Vc) transition zone in response to orofacial injury. Using combined neuronal tracing and Fos protein immunocytochemistry, we investigated functional connections between the Vi/Vc transition zone and rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), a key structure in descending pain modulation. Rats were injected with a retrograde tracer, FluoroGold, into the RVM 7 days before injection of an inflammatory agent, complete Freund's adjuvant, into the masseter muscle and perfused at 2 hours postinflammation. A population of neurons in the ventral Vi/Vc overlapping with caudal ventrolateral medulla, and lamina V of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc), exhibited FluoroGold/Fos double staining, suggesting the activation of the trigeminal-RVM pathway after inflammation. No double-labeled neurons were found in the dorsal Vi/Vc and laminae I-IV of Vc. Injection of an anterograde tracer, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, into the RVM resulted in labeling profiles overlapped with the region that showed FluoroGold/Fos double labeling, suggesting reciprocal connections between RVM and Vi/Vc. Lesions of Vc with a soma-selective neurotoxin, ibotenic acid, significantly reduced inflammation-induced Fos expression as well as the number of FluoroGold/Fos double-labeled neurons in the ventral Vi/Vc (P<0.05). Compared with control rats, lesions of the RVM (n=6) or Vi/Vc (n=6) with ibotenic acid led to the elimination or attenuation of masseter hyperalgesia/allodynia developed after masseter inflammation (P<0.05-0.01). The present study demonstrates reciprocal connections between the ventral Vi/Vc transition zone and RVM. The Vi/Vc-RVM pathway is activated after orofacial deep tissue injury and plays a critical role in facilitating orofacial hyperalgesia.

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“…Trigeminal neurons have connections with neurons in the nucleus raphe magnus, the major component of the RVM (Beitz et al ., 1983; Basbaum et al ., 1986). The spinal trigeminal nucleus receives serotonergic and enkephalinergic projections from the nucleus raphe magnus (Beitz, 1982; Beitz et al ., 1987).…”

Section: Functional Significance Of Vi/vc In Trigeminal Pain Procmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role Of Trigeminal Interpolaris-Caudalis Transition Zone In Persistent Orofacial Pain

Ren

Dubner

2011

International Review of Neurobiology

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The location of brainstem neurons which project bilaterally to the spinal trigeminal nuclei as demonstrated by the double flourescent retrograde tracer technique

Cited by 29 publications

References 26 publications

Neurovascular Headache and A Midbrain Vascular Malformation: Evidence for A Role of the Brainstem in Chronic Migraine

Neurovascular Headache and A Midbrain Vascular Malformation: Evidence for A Role of the Brainstem in Chronic Migraine

Trigeminal transition zone/rostral ventromedial medulla connections and facilitation of orofacial hyperalgesia after masseter inflammation in rats

The Role Of Trigeminal Interpolaris-Caudalis Transition Zone In Persistent Orofacial Pain

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