The location by early auditory evoked potentials (EAEP) of acoustic nerve and brainstem demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS)

Maurer, K.; Schafer, Edward W. P.; Hopf, H. C.; Leitner, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00313139

Cited by 30 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For BAEPs, BlinkR, MassR, MIR and MEP XII our own previously reported normal values were used [10,15,23,24]. Limits of the norm were calculated as mean+2.5 SD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrophysiological brainstem investigations in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

et al. 1996

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Phasic inspiratory genioglossus activity prevents pharyngeal airway collapse in healthy subjects during sleep and is diminished or absent in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), thus leading to pharyngeal obstruction. Case reports of OSAS after pontomedullary lesions indicate that impaired inspiratory genioglossal activity may result from brainstem lesions. We therefore investigated brainstem functions in 18 awake patients with OSAS using brainstem auditory evoked potentials, blink reflex, masseter reflex, masseter inhibitory reflex (in 11 of 18 patients), magnetic evoked potentials of the tongue and electrooculography with vestibular testing. Fifteen of 18 patients showed no electrophysiological abnormalities. One patient had a left pontine and two patients a bilateral pontomesencephalic lesion, although a causal connection with OSAS was not conclusively confirmed. Our results do not support the assumption of a relevant structural brainstem lesion in OSAS patients with normal neurological findings.

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“…For BAEPs, BlinkR, MassR, MIR and MEP XII our own previously reported normal values were used [10,15,23,24]. Limits of the norm were calculated as mean+2.5 SD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BAEPs [15] were recorded utilizing at least 1000 rarefication and condensation clicks at 70 dB above the sensory threshold. The clicks were delivered monaurally by earphones at a rate of 10 Hz and recorded by electrodes on the ipsilateral mastoid with the vertex electrode (Cz) reference.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological brainstem investigations in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

et al. 1996

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“…EAEPs [25] were recorded utilizing at least 1000 rarefication and condensation clicks at 70 dB above the sensory threshold. The clicks were delivered monaurally by earphones at a rate of 10 Hz and recorded on the ipsilateral mastoid with the vertex electrode (Cz) as reference.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological brain stem investigations in idiopathic narcolepsy

Marx¹,

Hopf²,

Grün³

et al. 1998

Journal of Neurology

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Narcolepsy is associated with various rapid eye movement (REM) sleep abnormalities. Distinct brain stem areas seem to play a prominent role in REM sleep regulation. Recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have led to conflicting findings concerning the presence of structural brain stem lesions in patients with idiopathic narcoleptic syndrome. However, multimodal electrophysiological brain stem investigations may reveal functional brain stem abnormalities even in the absence of MRI abnormality. Therefore we investigated brain stem function in 12 idiopathic narcoleptic patients by systematically studying tegmental brain stem pathways. All of the patients met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, with typical changes in polysomnography and the multiple sleep latency test. Electrophysiological investigations comprised masseter reflex, blink reflex, masseter inhibitory reflex, early auditory evoked potentials and electrooculography with vestibular testing. In no patient were electrophysiological brain stem abnormalities observed. Our findings do not support the existence of a relevant brain stem lesion in narcoleptic patients with normal neurological status.

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“…Normal values for latencies: SP1 < 17.1 ms, SP2 < 57.9 ms s Auditory evoked potentials (AEP) Early AEPs were recorded by mastoid-to-vertex (Cz, according to the 10/20 system) leads.At least 1000 rarefaction and condensation clicks of 70 dB above the sensory threshold were delivered monaurally by earphones at a repetition rate of 10 Hz. AEP latencies were measured to the positive peak of each wave from I to V. Our previously reported normal values for absolute values and III-V interpeak latencies were used for evaluation [24].…”

Section: S Mrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological brainstem testing in the diagnosis of reversible brainstem ischemia

Marx¹,

Mika-Gruettner²,

Thoemke³

et al. 2002

Journal of Neurology

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of multimodal electrophysiological brainstem testing in the diagnosis of clinically suspected reversible ischemic deficits of the brainstem compared with diffusion weighted MR imaging. We investigated 158 consecutive patients presenting with signs of acute brainstem dysfunction. Serial electrophysiological brainstem tests including masseter reflex, blink reflex, masseter inhibitory reflex, AEP, MEP, EOG and the oculoauricular phenomenon were applied. In 14 of the 158 patients neurological deficits resolved in less than 24 hours, which was suggestive of a transitory ischemic attack (TIA), 19 patients had brainstem signs for more than 24 hours but less than 1 week, suggestive of a reversible ischemic neurological deficit (RIND). Electrophysiological data indicated acute functional brainstem lesions in 54,5 % of patients with transient clinical brainstem impairment. Lesion detection rate was significantly higher when combining electrophysiological data and MRI (60,4 %) than using acute brainstem abnormalities in diffusion weighted MRI alone (39,4 %). We conclude that diffusion weighted MRI and electrophysiological brainstem testing are complimentary sensitive indicators of acute brainstem lesions in patients with reversible neurological deficits. Correct identification of brainstem ischemia influences the therapeutic regimen and may improve patient outcome.

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The location by early auditory evoked potentials (EAEP) of acoustic nerve and brainstem demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS)

Cited by 30 publications

References 16 publications

Electrophysiological brainstem investigations in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Electrophysiological brainstem investigations in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Electrophysiological brain stem investigations in idiopathic narcolepsy

Electrophysiological brainstem testing in the diagnosis of reversible brainstem ischemia

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