The Localization of Matrix Metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20, Enamelysin) in Mature Human Teeth

Abstract

MMP-20 (enamelysin), the matrix metalloproteinase family member discovered in the enamel organ, has also been detected in odontoblasts during dentin formation. We studied the presence and localization of MMP-20 in mature human teeth in health and disease. In immunohistochemistry, MMP-20-positive staining was observed most intensively in the radicular odontoblastic layer and also in dilated dentinal tubuli of caries lesions. By Western blotting, MMP-20 was detected in odontoblasts and pulp tissue of both sound and carious teeth, in dentinal fluid and dentin of sound teeth, but not in soft carious dentin. We conclude that MMP-20 produced during primary dentinogenesis is incorporated into dentin and may be released during caries progression. The main cellular source of MMP-20 in the dentin-pulp complex is the odontoblasts, which secrete MMP-20 into the dentinal fluid.

Bioactive Chitosan Nanoparticles and Photodynamic Therapy Inhibit Collagen Degradation In Vitro

“…Recent studies have evaluated the contribution of host-derived MMPs to the breakdown of collagen matrices, observed in the pathogenesis of dentin caries (50)(51)(52). This was supported by the findings that the pH changes taking place in caries lesions are powerful activators of MMPs and was further supported by an in vivo study in which the MMP inhibition significantly down-regulated dentinal caries lesion progression (48). Sato et al These findings can be extrapolated to residual intracanal bacteria and their effect on activation of exposed MMPs and TIMPs in partially demineralized dentin following endodontic treatment.…”

“…Previous studies have detected MMP-2 (45,46), 47), MMP-9 (46) and MMP-20 (48) in mature mineralized dentin.…”

Role of matrix metalloproteinases in dental caries, pulp and periapical inflammation: An overview

“…14 The immunoexpression of MMP-13 has been found to be weak and confined to the peritubular area in sound dentine and strong at the peritubular level and in Tome's process in dentine caries, where it decreased as the distance from the decay process increased. 15 The immunoexpression pattern with greater expression being found close to caries level is similar to the one described for other MMPs (MMP-20, -28 and -9) in crown and root lesions 9,16 despite often diverse expression levels. 16 MMPs are located throughout the dentine but they are located intensively along the enamel-dentine junction and in the predentine.…”

“…MMP-8, MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-3, MMP-2, MMP-14 and MMP-20 are the main MMPs that have been identified in pulp, odontoblasts and predentine/dentine. [8][9][10][11][12][13] MMP-13 has been found to be present in radicular dentine, which was expressed differently as caries progressed, but it was not found to have been expressed in the coronal dentine. 14 The immunoexpression of MMP-13 has been found to be weak and confined to the peritubular area in sound dentine and strong at the peritubular level and in Tome's process in dentine caries, where it decreased as the distance from the decay process increased.…”

Role of Dentin MMPs in Caries Progression and Bond Stability

“…More recently, MMPs were identified as being responsible for that activity (Tjäderhane et al 1998), and to date, the presence of gelatinases MMP-2 and -9 ( Fig. 1), collagenase MMP-8, stromelysin MMP-3, and MMP-20 have been reported (Martin-De Las Heras et al 2000;Sulkala et al 2002;Mazzoni et al 2007;Sulkala et al 2007;Boukpessi et al 2008;Mazzoni et al 2009;Santos et al 2009;Boushell et al 2011;.…”