The Local Wisdom In Marine Resource Conservation In Indonesia: A Case Study Of Newcomers In Pariaman West Sumatra

Abstract

Abstract-This paper examines the local wisdom of new fishing groupshave had tremendous impacts on local marine resource conservation along the coasts ofthe province of West Sumatra. Data were collected from a small number of fishing households in the village of Pariaman Tengah in Pariaman Regency, using mainly qualitative research methods. At the village, traditional fishing areas have been properly benefited by local fishermen. Together with the local government, they have conserved the area, where sea turtles, some species of finfish; mangrove/coral reefs are protected. It was found that the local wisdoms use consist of determining season of fishing and making traditional fishing gear. In former days the available marine resources were abundant, but nowadays the villagers, all of whom belong to the ethnic group of matrilineal Minangkabau, are not so happy with the contemporary maritime situations. Since 20 years ago, on the other hand, many newcomers have flowed into the fishing village of Pariaman Tengah. Being mobilized from other districts in the province of West Sumatra uxorilocally, they have succeeded in establishing their own identity, in forming new groups, and then in having economic powers inside the fishing community as local autonomy. Along with increasing the number of their households and with the growth in income, they are becoming leading actors there to be involved with the local resource conservation for national interest. The newcomers have the local wisdoms for resource conservation are using no harmful gears, commitment not to catch and kill the turtles and commitment not to throw rubbish into the sea.

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