The ‘local turn’ in peacebuilding: a literature review of effective and emancipatory local peacebuilding

From principle to practice? The resilience–local ownership nexus in the EU Eastern Partnership policy

“…The conceptualization of resilience and local ownership also generates major implications for their interplay. Whereas in the modernization theory local ownership is confined to channeling externally driven resilience-building policies, in communitarian approaches it de facto precludes any attempts to introduce resilience from the outside (Leonardsson & Rudd, 2015). In a liberal perspective, both notions are tightly intertwined in practice.…”

Da transformação de conflitos à paz híbrida: uma análise das ideias de John Paul Lederach e Roger Mac Ginty

“…Assim, agendas locais podem ser fontes de conflitos violentos que repercutem em todo o país, ainda que essas agendas sejam geograficamente restritas. A partir desse entendimento, pode-se concluir que as vertentes estritamente focadas na ação estatal não são capazes de estabelecer mecanismos sustentáveis para a solução do conflito, visto que causas importantes não são consideradas (Leonardsson;Rudd 2015).…”

Limits to the European Union’s Normative Power in a Post-conflict Society

“…Some peacebuilding failures in the 1990s were followed by criticism of the liberal design of peacebuilding; the so-called top-down approach in peacebuilding that chiefly emerged early on in the theory's development could no longer satisfactorily explain the complexity of the current developments in post-conflict areas (Leonardsson and Rudd 2015;. Critics argued that research attention should be refocused to move away from big and influential international actors to, for example, 'ordinary people'.…”