The local immune response during Echinococcus granulosus growth in a quantitative hepatic experimental model

Abstract

The local immune mechanisms responsible for the establishment and development of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto infection in the liver, have been little explored. We developed a suitable experimental model that mimics naturally infected livers using portal injection of protoscoleces. Opposite to Echinococcus multilocularis infection which is dose-dependent, fully mature hydatid cysts can be established in the liver whatever the injection dose; although most of the infection sites were seen at the establishment phase as inflammatory granulomas associated with fibrosis, they never matured into cysts. At the establishment phase, a strong immune response was composed of T and B cells, with T1-type, T2-type cells and cytokines and IL-10-secreting CD8+ T cells in the liver. At the established phase, results suggested a local production of antibodies by B cells, and an involvement of NK and NKT cells. Infection outcome and local immune response in the liver, were different in the mouse models of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto and Echinococcus multilocularis respectively; however, only early specificities at the microenvironment level might explain the major differences found between the lesions induced by the two species. Our quantitative experimental model appears fully appropriate to further study this microenvironment and its relationship with each cestode species.

lncRNA028466 regulates Th1/Th2 cytokine expression and associates with Echinococcus granulosus antigen P29 immunity

“…Cystic echinococcosis (CE), also known as hydatid disease, is a worldwide chronic parasitic disease, threatening the health of livestock and humans [ 1 ]. Humans are exposed to the eggs of Echinococcus granulosus after close contact with infected livestock or contaminated food [ 2 , 3 ]. At present, diagnosis of human echinococcosis relies mainly on imaging techniques.…”

“…The life of the pathogen in the human body is relatively long, ranging from 1 to 30 years, and the symptoms of the initial infection are not obvious. Therefore, it is difficult to diagnose, treat, and control [ 2 , 4 , 5 ]. Due to the limitations of current diagnostic and therapeutic measures, numerous studies have been carried out in the field of immunology associated with E. granulosus infection in the hope of developing vaccines [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Severe Cystic Echinococcosis-Associated Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Case Report

“…Echinococcal disease has never been described as a cause of secondary ITP. Recent data have shown that ITP may be associated with complement activation [ 14 ], and that complement activating anti-Echinococcus specific antibodies may be found in echinococcosis [ 15 ]. There has however been no published case report or in vitro study on the association between thrombocytopenia and echinococcosis in the literature.…”

lncRNA028466 Regulates Th1/Th2 Cytokines Expression and Associated with Echinococcus Granulosus Antigen P29 Immunity

“…Background CE, also named hydatid disease, is a worldwide chronic parasitic disease, threatening the health of livestock and humans [1]. Human beings are exposed to the eggs of E. granulosus after close contact with infected livestock or contaminated food [2,3]. At present, diagnosis of human echinococcosis mainly dependent on imaging techniques.…”

“…The pathogen in the human body is relatively long, ranging from 1 to 30 years and the symptoms of the initial infection is not obvious. So, it is hard to diagnose, treat, and control [4][5][6]. Due to the limitations of current diagnostic and therapeutic measures, a mass of research has been done in the eld of immunology associated with E. granulosus infection in the hope of developing future vaccines [7,8].…”