The Local Ecological Memory of Soil: Majority and Minority Components of Bacterial Communities in Prehistorical Urns from Schöps (Germany)

Köhler, J. Michael; Kalensee, Franziska; Gunther, P.; Schüler, Tim; Cao, Jialan

doi:10.1007/s41742-018-0116-9

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The DNA of soil samples was extracted by a Power Soil Isolation Kit (MO BIO, Carlsbad, USA) according to the manufacturer's protocol and processed as published (Köhler et al 2018). An Edvocycler (Edvotek, Washington D.C.) was applied for DNA amplification by polymer chain reaction (PCR).…”

Section: Dna Extraction Amplification Labelling and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). Larger differences have been observed in the abundancies *The results on the investigations of the samples from Schöps are reported (Köhler et al 2018): "urn" means a sample, which was taken from the soil material inside a urn, and "reference" means sample material, which was taken from the soil of the same spot, but outside the same urn of Verrucomicrobia, Nitrospirae, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes and Archaea.…”

Section: Community Types Of Different Types Of Sampling Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prehistorically fortified hills of Thuringia (Germany) in different geological situations have been chosen as an example for this investigation. In the following, the sequence data of soil samples from selected places will be discussed and the results are interpreted in comparison with each other and with recently obtained data from an archaeological excavation on an ironage burial place (Köhler et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial community types and signature-like soil bacterial patterns from fortified prehistoric hills of Thuringia (Germany)

et al. 2020

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16S rRNA profiling has been applied for the investigation of bacterial communities of surface soil samples from forestcovered areas of ten prehistorical ramparts from different parts of Thuringia. Besides the majority bacterial types that are present in all samples, there could be identified bacteria that are highly abundant in some places and absent or low abundant in others. These differences are mainly related to the acidity of substrate and distinguish the communities of lime stone hills from soils of sand/quartzite and basalt hills. Minority components of bacterial communities show partially large differences that cannot be explained by the pH of the soil or incidental effects, only. They reflect certain relations between the communities of different places and could be regarded as a kind of signature-like patterns. Such relations had also been found in a comparison of the data from ramparts with formerly studied 16S rRNA profiling from an iron-age burial field. The observations are supporting the idea that a part of the components of bacterial communities from soil samples reflect their ecological history and can be understood as the "ecological memory" of a place. Probably such memory effects can date back to prehistoric times and might assist in future interpretations of archaeological findings on the prehistoric use of a place, on the one hand. On the other hand, the genetic profiling of soils of prehistoric places contributes to the evaluation of anthropogenic effects on the development of local soil bacterial diversity.

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Section: Dna Extraction Amplification Labelling and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Community Types Of Different Types Of Sampling Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial community types and signature-like soil bacterial patterns from fortified prehistoric hills of Thuringia (Germany)

et al. 2020

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“…DNA was extracted from the samples by a Power Soil Isolation Kit (MO BIO, Carlsbad, USA) according to the manufacturer's protocol and processed as published [15]. An Edvocycler (Edvotek, Washington DC) was applied for PCRs.…”

Section: Dna Extraction and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Probably, even storage of bacteria over huge time scales is possible as investigations on inclusions in Permian salt deposits suggest [28]. Despite geological memory effects, even special historic or prehistoric situations can cause special local components in microbial communities which are related to ancient human activities [15,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hadesarchaea and other extremophile bacteria from ancient mining areas of the East Harz region (Germany) suggest an ecological long-term memory of soil

et al. 2019

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The 16S rRNA profiling of 27 soil samples of three ancient mining areas of the East Harz region (Germany) indicated a group of rare bacteria which is related to extreme conditions such as salinity, higher temperature and alkalinity. Beside Hadesarchaea, it involves a significant number of sequences of Rubritepida, Polymorphobacter, Crinalium, Aliterella, Imperialibacter, Mizugakiibacter, Ekhidna, Mumia and Isoptericola, too. The appearance of such types may be related to the ground material which was brought onto the surface by the ancient mining activities dating back into the period between the fifteenth and the beginning nineteenth centuries. It is assumed that the RNA profiling reflects local soil bacteria communities which store a certain memory of previous environmental conditions. This ecological memory could be related on the one hand to the minerals and the mining activities centuries before, but on the other hand it could hint to the possibility of storage of bacteria in the geological sediments of late Perm (Zechstein), which has been deposited about 250 million years ago. The findings can be interpreted by the possibility of persistence of special types of soil bacteria at the ancient mining places. In addition, a possible relevance of the re-activation of very old microorganisms from deep subsurface layers for the recent microbial communities should be taken into account.

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Beta-Diversity Enhancement by Archaeological Structures: Bacterial Communities of an Historical Tannery Area of the City of Jena (Germany) Reflect the Ancient Human Impact

et al. 2023

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Soil samples taken during archaeological investigations of a historical tannery area in the eastern suburb of the medieval city of Jena have been investigated by 16S r-RNA gene profiling. The analyses supplied a large spectrum of interesting bacteria, among them Patescibacteria, Methylomirabilota, Asgardarchaeota, Zixibacteria, Sideroxydans and Sulfurifustis. Samples taken from soil inside the residues of large vats show large differences in comparison to the environmental soil. The PCAs for different abundance classes clearly reflect the higher similarity between the bacterial communities of the outside-vat soils in comparison with three of the inside-vat soil communities. Two of the in-side vat soils are distinguishable from the other samples by separate use of each abundance class, but classes of lower abundance are better applicable than the highly abundant bacteria for distinguishing the sampling sites by PCA, in general. This effect could be interpreted by the assumption that less abundant types in the 16S r-RNA data tend to be more related to an earlier state of soil development than the more abundant and might be, therefore, better suited for conclusions on the state of the soils in an earlier local situation. In addition, the analyses allowed identification of specific features of each single sampling site. In one site specifically, DNA hints of animal residue-related bacteria were found. Obviously, the special situation in the in-site vat soils contributes to the diversity of the place, and enhances its Beta-diversity. Very high abundancies of several ammonia-metabolizing and of sulphur compound-oxidizing genera in the metagenomics data can be interpreted as an echo of the former tannery activities using urine and processing keratin-rich animal materials. In summary, it can be concluded that the 16S r-RNA analysis of such archaeological places can supply a lot of data related to ancient human impacts, representing a kind of “ecological memory of soil”.

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The Local Ecological Memory of Soil: Majority and Minority Components of Bacterial Communities in Prehistorical Urns from Schöps (Germany)

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Microbial community types and signature-like soil bacterial patterns from fortified prehistoric hills of Thuringia (Germany)

Microbial community types and signature-like soil bacterial patterns from fortified prehistoric hills of Thuringia (Germany)

Hadesarchaea and other extremophile bacteria from ancient mining areas of the East Harz region (Germany) suggest an ecological long-term memory of soil

Beta-Diversity Enhancement by Archaeological Structures: Bacterial Communities of an Historical Tannery Area of the City of Jena (Germany) Reflect the Ancient Human Impact

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