The local and global geometry of trabecular bone

Callens, Sebastien J.P.; Betts, Duncan; Müller, Ralph; Zadpoor, Amir A.

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2021.06.013

Cited by 39 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The preference of osteoblasts for trabecular‐like structures to the detriment of TPMS configurations contributes to the argument that TPMS topologies might not after all be convenient to replicate biological structures as it has been confirmed that trabecular bone does not approximate a minimal surface but exhibits a more intricate curvature landscape. [ 38 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Selective Laser Melted Commercially Pure Titanium Sheet‐Based Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces and Trabecular‐Like Strut‐Based Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

et al. 2021

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An opportunity is offered by porous structures as implants in medical applications and arthroplasties because their mechanical and physical properties can be tuned to match patient-specific needs. For ex vivo research, there is merit in using 3D models instead of 2D layers in tissue engineering to recapitulate cell growth in microenvironments that are similar to native tissue, because this narrows the gulf between in vitro tests and clinical translation. [1] Titanium and its alloys have been researched extensively because of their biocompatibility, high strength, low wear, and corrosion resistance (due to the passivating oxide layer spontaneously formed on the surface [2] ). When embodied as porous structures, they offer mechanical properties that can match those of cortical and trabecular bone, [3] avoiding stress shielding and biomechanical failure. Porous scaffolds must be conducive to osseointegration by means of providing channels and interconnected pores for nutrient distribution, [4] networks for cellular proliferation, differentiation and maturation, and ultimately for bone healing. [5] Much work has explored different pore architectures and sizes and routes by which they can be physically realized. Advances in computer-aided design (CAD), multiphysics modeling, [6] and additive manufacturing (AM) technology have allowed the definition of a design space to digitally test manufacturability boundaries for porous structures with the desired physical, mechanical, and permeability properties that can enhance biological behavior. [7] Techniques such as selective laser melting (SLM) or electron beam melting (EBM) have been demonstrated as practical processing routes to achieve both parametric and nonparametric designs, ordered or random, using metals. With regard to parametric designs, triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures [8] have received attention in recent years as AM managed to realize the manufacture of these topologies that offer mechanical superiority due to a uniformly distributed load transfer, free of discontinuities and self-intersecting elements, and

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Selective Laser Melted Commercially Pure Titanium Sheet‐Based Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces and Trabecular‐Like Strut‐Based Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

et al. 2021

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“…It shows that surface curvature (mean curvature H and Gaussian curvature K) is a key factor for guiding growth of cells and tissues [7]. For an individual cell, on a flat substrate (H=K=0), the cell nucleus tends to be flat with a small compressive force by the perinuclear actin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In engineering, porous metamaterials can realize sound absorption and insulation [1][2][3]. In medicine, porous structures can be used as implants and promote the growth of tissues and cells [4][5][6][7]. Natural porous structures, such as trabecular bones [4][5][6][7], consist of two kinds of solids: the network solid and the sheet solid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual Roles of Network and Sheet Solids in Architectured Porous Materials

et al. 2022

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To understand the different roles played by sheet solids and network solids in complex porous biomaterials/native tissues, we designed a new kind of nature-inspired structure comprising these two solids by using triply periodic minimal surfaces and Voronoi diagrams using the CAD method and compared them with the previously reported Poisson-Voronoi (PV) solids that only comprise network solids. Here, we show that the sheet solids contribute greater stiffness and solid/void interface than the network solids, and our TPMS-Voronoi solids can improve/tune both the elastic moduli and specific surfaces even at fixed solid volume fraction and can be stiffer than the Poisson-Voronoi solids. This can directly guide the porous materials design for use in tissue engineering and aerospace.

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“…Furthermore, these have generally not considered microarchitectural features such as surface curvature, anisotropy, and connectivity. More recently, stochastic three-dimensional porous algorithms such as Gaussian random fields have been suggested as a biomimetic structure for trabecular bone (Callens et al, 2021;Kumar et al, 2020;Roberts and Garboczi, 2002;Zheng et al, 2021). In particular, spinodoid structures have been created by spinodal decomposition during the phase separation process and, unlike repeating unit geometries, these structures visually resemble trabecular bone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%