The living among the dead: Cemeteries as urban forests, now and in the future

Quinton, Jessica; Duinker, Peter N.; Steenberg, James W.N.; Charles, John D.

doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2019.126564

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Woody species are particularly involved in re-shaping processes of cemeteries, and can, in extreme cases, result in a "re-order by nature" after (partially) abandonment (Cloke and Jones 2004;Kowarik et al, 2016), with a higher proportion of native species (Nowinska et al, 2020). This entails numerous management challenges with regard to plant use and long-term care of trees (Quinton et al, 2020).…”

Section: Diversity Of Cemeteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, Central European cemeteries also follow a type of ontogenesis as proposed for Australian cemeteries by Davies and Bennett (2016). Abandoned cemeteries regularly develop into (wild) urban forests (Cloke and Jones 2004;Nowinska et al, 2020;Quinton et al, 2020). From the biodiversity conservation perspective, cemeteries should be preserved as refugia for flora and fauna (Löki et al, 2019), and sustained with public funds, even though their owners are private organisations (Bauer et al, 2015).…”

Section: Cemeteries In Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other historical sites with protection status such as archeological parks and historical gardens function also as refuge for biodiversity (Ceschin et al, 2012;Tan et al, 2010;Capotorti et al, 2013;Caneva et al, 2018;Heneidy et al, 2022). Some surveys found that urban cemeteries did indeed have a higher number of plant species than similar sized parks or urban brownfields (Graf 1986), although others revealed a high proportion of non-native (Nowinska et al, 2020;Quinton et al, 2020;Walusiak and Krzton 2021) and also invasive plant species, which mainly entered from grave or hedge greeneries (Rutkovska et al, 2011) and could also spread to the surroundings (Walusiak and Krzton 2021). Horticultural history and the use of ornamentals for landscaping are widely recognized as driving the spread of exotic species from parks and gardens to neighboring land uses (Kowarik 2005;Butenschön and Säumel 2011), as nonnative species regularly introduced as ornamentals can escape within cemeteries and to surroundings (Nowinska et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ecosystem services due to the predominant use of native species and due to the existence of remnants of old "original" vegetation patches. Still, the Halifax cemeteries originating from the 18th to the 20th century are dominated by non-native species (e.g., Acer platanoides, Tilia cordata, Ulmus glabra,Quinton et al, 2020).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Gardens of life: Multifunctional and ecosystem services of urban cemeteries in Central Europe and beyond—Historical, structural, planning, nature and heritage conservation aspects

Säumel

Butenschön

Kreibig

2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Cemeteries are often seen as monofunctional spaces for burial and mourning and, within the dynamically changing urban fabric, as a planning conundrum. Long periods of stability have also turned these untouched and hidden places into refugia for nature and wildlife. In booming and dense cities with high land use pressures and housing shortages, in particular, as the amount of burial ground needed per citizen decreases and burial cultures change, the cemetery has become a contested nature, as a simultaneous space of emotion, commerce and community. We revisited the diversity and ontogenesis of cemeteries, and the interactions with neighboring uses of the urban matrix. Our review demonstrates a wide range of different ecosystem services of urban cemeteries, beyond potential as hotspots of culture and biodiversity. We highlight their multifunctional character and the need for a holistic and trans-disciplinary evaluation using multistakeholder approaches to further develop cemeteries as a crucial element of sustainable urban landscapes.

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Section: Diversity Of Cemeteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cemeteries In Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gardens of life: Multifunctional and ecosystem services of urban cemeteries in Central Europe and beyond—Historical, structural, planning, nature and heritage conservation aspects

Säumel

Butenschön

Kreibig

2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Tanto en México como en otros países, se han llevado a cabo desde hace décadas diagnósticos de arbolado urbano utilizando metodologías de inventario; como ejemplo, se pueden listar los trabajos publicados por Benavides y Villalón (1992); Benavides y Segura (1996); Jim (1996); Benavides et al (2002); Velasco et al (2013), Román et al (2019) y, en el caso de cementerios, Quinton et al (2020) en Halifax, Canadá.…”

Section: Diagnóstico De Las Avu Y Cuantificación Valoración De Los Se...unclassified

Características del arbolado del Panteón Civil Dolores y valoración de sus servicios ambientales

Benavides Meza,

García Ponce

2023

MYB

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El bosque urbano suele asociarse generalmente a parques y jardines; sin embargo, los cementerios también son componentes importantes del mismo y cuentan con una característica multifuncional, pues además del servicio funerario que proporcionan a la sociedad, suelen tener cubiertas arboladas que contribuyen a mejorar estética y ambientalmente, tanto el cementerio como la trama urbana cercana. El arbolado del Panteón Civil Dolores era un recurso ignorado, pues nunca se había determinado su estructura y condición física y sanitaria, fundamental para definir acciones para su mejora, así como los servicios ambientales que aporta. El cementerio civil es el más antiguo en su tipo y el de mayor superficie (112 ha) de la Ciudad de México y probablemente del país, aunado a que cuenta con sitios históricos y emblemáticos como la Rotonda de las Personas Ilustres. Se realizó el diagnóstico del arbolado por medio de un muestreo, utilizando 102 sitios de 600 m2, en el cual se registraron 1051 individuos con un diámetro normal superior a 5 cm y 30 brinzales, pertenecientes a 44 especies arbóreas. Se determinó, asimismo, la frecuencia y dominancia relativa de las especies, valores dasométricos promedio, características físicas y sanitarias del arbolado y requerimientos de mantenimiento. Con base en dicha información, se estimaron los parámetros de toda la cubierta arbórea del cementerio, así como de los servicios ambientales que generan y el valor económico que implican. Esta publicación sienta un precedente en el estudio del arbolado en los cementerios, que se espera sirva de referencia para su mejora.

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Waldtherapie

Rathmann¹

2022

RaumFragen: Stadt – Region – Landschaft

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The living among the dead: Cemeteries as urban forests, now and in the future

Cited by 12 publications

References 55 publications

Gardens of life: Multifunctional and ecosystem services of urban cemeteries in Central Europe and beyond—Historical, structural, planning, nature and heritage conservation aspects

Gardens of life: Multifunctional and ecosystem services of urban cemeteries in Central Europe and beyond—Historical, structural, planning, nature and heritage conservation aspects

Características del arbolado del Panteón Civil Dolores y valoración de sus servicios ambientales

Waldtherapie

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