“…Malone et al (2004) documented gender differences in the field of educational administration in terms of employment and career, indicating that male and female doctoral students bring different needs, aspirations, and expectations at the entry of their programs. Even though gender has not emerged as a statistically significant predictor of doctoral degree completion, many researchers have documented the unique challenges and barriers of female doctoral students in completing their doctoral programs (e.g., Maher, Ford, & Thompson, 2004;Manfield, Welton, Lee, & Young, 2010;Moyer, Salovey, & Casey-Cannon, 1999). These challenges have included greater work demand, financial constraints, child-care responsibilities, and low level of confidence (Maher et al, 2004;Manfield et al, 2010;Moyer et al, 1999).…”