The Lipid Messenger OEA Links Dietary Fat Intake to Satiety

Schwartz, Gary J.; Fu, Jin; Astarita, Giuseppe; Li, Xiaosong; Gaetani, Silvana; Campolongo, Patrizia; Cuomo, V.; Piomelli, Daniele

doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.08.005

Cited by 317 publications

(380 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…As confirmation of this possibility, the pharmacological administration of OEA in experimental animals regulates satiety and reduces body weight by reducing the frequency of meals by activating the nuclear receptor PPAR-alpha (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha), which has been involved in a feedback mechanism involving recruitment, utilization, and absorption of dietary fat [108,110,111]. According to some authors, the mechanism of action of OEA in regulating appetite in response to the introduction of food, after activating the intestinal receptor PPAR-alpha, consists in the involvement of vagal sensory fibers that carry a stimulus to the first nucleus tractus solitaire (NST) at the base of the brain, and thus the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH), resulting in the sense of satiety by blockade, a mechanism that can be defined as feedback through food intake (Fig.…”

Section: Sense Of Satietymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, studies in experimental animals on the metabolism of oleic acid in the intestine suggest that activation of smallintestinal OEA mobilization, enabled by CD36-mediated uptake of dietary oleic acid, serves as a molecular sensor linking fat ingestion to satiety [103][104][105][106][107][108]. OEA, a lipidderived molecule with endogenous hormone-like action is formed, which is structurally similar to the endocannabinoid anandamide (arachidonoiletanolamide).…”

Section: Sense Of Satietymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oleic acid in the diet, but not in plasma, in addition to being a precursor in the synthesis of the OEA by enterocytes, influences its own levels through a feedback mechanism, decreasing during fasting and increasing after a meal alternating between a sense of hunger and satiety [108]. OEA, highly expressed in brown adipose tissue, in addition to decreasing the frequency of meals and increasing lipolysis, modulates the inflammatory response together with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) by reducing the activity of nuclear factor NF-kB, binding v-3 fatty acids and increasing the catabolism of LTB4 in macrophages.…”

Section: Sense Of Satietymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to some authors, the mechanism of action of OEA in regulating appetite in response to the introduction of food, after activating the intestinal receptor PPAR-alpha, consists in the involvement of vagal sensory fibers that carry a stimulus to the first nucleus tractus solitaire (NST) at the base of the brain, and thus the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH), resulting in the sense of satiety by blockade, a mechanism that can be defined as feedback through food intake (Fig. 3) [108]. Others have speculated that the OEA may act within the enterocyte, inducing these cells to release an anorectic agent (e.g., apolipoprotein A-IV), led by the mediators of PPARalpha, which in turn stimulates vagus triggering inhibition of food intake [112].…”

Section: Sense Of Satietymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virgin olive oil in preventive medicine: From legend to epigenetics

Caramia¹,

Gori

Valli

et al. 2012

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Among vegetable oils, extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) has nutritional and sensory characteristics that make it unique and a basic component of the Mediterranean diet. EVOO has always been used over the centuries for its preventive and therapeutic properties, as well as precious and valuable dietary lipidic condiment. Benefic effects of a diet rich in EVOO on the human health, especially in prevention and/or reduction of hypercholesterolaemia, serum lipoprotein levels and atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and thrombotic risk, oxidation and oxidative stress, obesity and type 2 diabetes, inflammatory processes and cancer are discussed in these review. Recent studies suggest also its role in regulating the sense of satiety. The chemical compounds of EVOO that may contribute to its overall therapeutic characteristics, the epigenetic and physiological mechanisms involved are focused, taking into account the most important studies in the literature of the last years.Practical applications: Many studies on various aspects of nutrition indicated that many human diseases are influenced by lifestyle, in which the diet has an important aspect. The use of extra virgin olive oil is especially important from early childhood and throughout adult life to contribute to hinder the aging process. The importance of preventive and sometimes curative action, carried out by its various components in several pathological conditions has emerged from clinical, experimental, and epidemiological studies which, in many cases, are accompanied by indisputable scientific evidences. Taking into account the most important studies in the literature of the last years, the chemical compounds of extra virgin olive oil and the physiological mechanisms involved in their curative/health effects are the focus of this article.

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Section: Sense Of Satietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sense Of Satietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sense Of Satietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sense Of Satietymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Virgin olive oil in preventive medicine: From legend to epigenetics

Caramia¹,

Gori

Valli

et al. 2012

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…CD36 is expressed in the brush border of duodenal and jejunal epithelia. CD36-KO mice have reduced OEA production and OEA-induced satiety [73], the latter of which can be induced via PPARα activation [73,74].…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Lipid Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine control of satiation

Asarian¹,

Bächler

2014

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation

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Abstract:Eating is a simple behavior with complex functions. The unconscious neuroendocrine process that stops eating and brings a meal to its end is called satiation. Energy homeostasis is mediated accomplished through the control of meal size via satiation. It involves neural integrations of phasic negative-feedback signals related to ingested food and tonic signals, such as those related to adipose tissue mass. Energy homeostasis is accomplished through adjustments in meal size brought about by changes in these satiation signals. The best understood meal-derived satiation signals arise from gastrointestinal nutrient sensing. Gastrointestinal hormones secreted during the meal, including cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide 1, and PYY, mediate most of these. Other physiological signals arise from activation of metabolic-sensing neurons, mainly in the hypothalamus and caudal brainstem. We review both classes of satiation signal and their integration in the brain, including their processing by melanocortin, neuropeptide Y/agouti-related peptide, serotonin, noradrenaline, and oxytocin neurons. Our review is not comprehensive; rather, we discuss only what we consider the best-understood mechanisms of satiation, with a special focus on normally operating physiological mechanisms.

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Oleoylethanolamide and Human Neural Responses to Food Stimuli in Obesity

et al. 2014

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IMPORTANCE Obesity has emerged as a leading health threat but its biological basis remains insufficiently known, hampering the search for novel treatments. Here, we study oleoylethanolamide, a naturally occurring lipid that has been clearly implicated in weight regulation in animals. However, its role for weight regulation and obesity in humans is still unclear.OBJECTIVE To investigate associations between plasma oleoylethanolamide levels and body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) and functional magnetic resonance imaging response to food stimuli in obese patients and matched control participants. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSCase-control study of 21 obese patients and 24 matched control participants. Obesity was defined as having a BMI of at least 30. The mean age of participants was 40.8 years and BMIs ranged from 18.2 to 47.5. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESInteractions between plasma oleoylethanolamide levels and obesity on BMI and functional magnetic resonance imaging response to food stimuli.RESULTS Associations between oleoylethanolamide and BMI differed significantly depending on whether individuals were obese or not (P = .02). In obese individuals, oleoylethanolamide showed a trend toward a positive correlation with BMI (P = .06, ρ = 0.42), while this relationship was inverse for nonobese control participants (P = .07, ρ = −0.34). Similarly, we found significant interactions between oleoylethanolamide levels and obesity on food-related brain activation in cortical areas associated with reward processing and interoceptive signaling (P = .009). Specifically, nonobese individuals with higher oleoylethanolamide levels had higher insular brain activity (P < .001, ρ = 0.70); again, the relationship trended to be inverse for obese patients (P = .11, ρ = −0.36). These effects were not associated with plasma levels of leptin and anandamide, suggesting an independent role of oleoylethanolamide in hunger-associated interoceptive signaling. Analysis of food craving during the functional magnetic resonance imaging task suggested that the identified brain areas may be involved in suppressing food-liking reactions in nonobese individuals. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThis study suggests that oleoylethanolamide-mediated signaling plays an important role for hedonic regulation of food craving and obesity in humans and thus may be a valuable target for developing novel antiobesity drugs.

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The Lipid Messenger OEA Links Dietary Fat Intake to Satiety

Cited by 317 publications

References 57 publications

Virgin olive oil in preventive medicine: From legend to epigenetics

Virgin olive oil in preventive medicine: From legend to epigenetics

Neuroendocrine control of satiation

Oleoylethanolamide and Human Neural Responses to Food Stimuli in Obesity

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