The link of biocompatibility to cytokine production

Abstract

The link of biocompatibility to cytokine production. Recent reactants (APRs), and the magnitude and rapidity of studies suggest that chronic inflammation plays a role in the their induction following an acute phase response, topathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Cytokines released from gether with their short half-life, suggest a particularly critijeopardized tissues stimulate the liver to synthesize acute phase cal requirement in the establishment of host defense [2, 3]. proteins, including C-reactive protein (CRP). Baseline levels of More recently, the acute phase response has been CRP in apparently healthy persons or in persons with unstable angina constitute an independent risk factor for cardiovascular more narrowly defined as the change in concentrations events. More recently, it has been suggested that CRP is useful of a number of plasma protein that results largely from not only as a marker of the acute phase response, but is also a rearrangement of plasma protein synthesis in hepatoinvolved in the pathogenesis of the disease. CRP may, in fact, cytes. The proteins that manifest substantial change in directly interact with the atherosclerotic vessels or ischemic myocardium by activation of the complement system, thereby concentrations are referred to as the APRs (Fig. 1) [4, 5]. promoting inflammation and thrombosis. Several studies in Ceruloplasmin and the complement component C3 uremic patients have implicated CRP as a marker of malnutriand C4 typically display only a modest acute phase retion, resistance to erythropoietin, and chronic stimulation in sponse, while aptoglobin and fibrinogen may increase twohemodialysis. An increased cytokine production secondary to fold to fivefold. blood interaction with bioincompatible dialysis components has been reported by several studies; interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor

Fine-Tuning of the Prediction of Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients by Use of Cytokine Proteomic Determination

“…When compared with control subjects, HD patients exhibited a proinflammatory profile characterized by a shift toward high values for IL-6, IL-1␤, TNF-␣, and IFN-␥, in agreement with previous studies (29,30). Despite technical improvement, an HD session leads to increased proinflammatory cytokine secretion (2,31) associated with a decrease in anti-inflammatory cy- tokine receptors, especially in patients with high CRP levels (31).…”

Negative and independent influence of apolipoprotein E on C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration in obese adults. Potential anti-inflammatory role of apoE in vivo

“…57 ApoE may play a cardioprotective role in liver site promoting cholesterol homeostasis 58,59 or directly in lesion area. 59,60 Like cytokines, 61 apoE may also interfere with CRP synthesis by the liver.…”

Interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 in experimentally induced rat pulpal inflammation

“…On the contrary, in the study of Panichi et al 10) , IL-6 was known to be one of pro-inflammatory cytokines. IL-10 is known to be anti-inflammatory cytokine that suppresses the production of IL-6.…”

“…IL-6 also acts as a cofactor with other cytokines for the growth of early bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells. 9) In previous studies of pulpal and periapical pathology, IL-6 is known to be one of pro-inflammatory cytokines 10,11) . Interleukin-10 is produced by the TH2 subset of CD4+ helper cells 9,12) .…”