The link between reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome and transient global amnesia

Chandra, Rahul; Saini, Harneel; Palmer, Kaitlyn N.; Cerejo, Russell

doi:10.1111/head.14432

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…1 ), obtained using a Siemens MAGNETOM Symphony 1.5 Tesla MRI system. The magnetic resonance (MR) angiography revealed no abnormalities, such as reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, with patent PCAs on both sides [ 15 , 16 ]. An additionally performed 2-mm thin-slice MRI (day 1) revealed bilateral hyperintense DWI signals with signal losses on ADC in the hippocampal lateral portions corresponding to CA1 areas on both side ( Fig.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case With Bilateral Hippocampal Infarction Resembling Transient Global Amnesia

Akaishi,

Asari,

Sekiguchi

et al. 2024

J Med Cases

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Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a benign and transient condition with a sudden short-term amnesia. One of the conditions resembling TGA is hippocampal infarction, which requires relapse prevention treatments. In this report, we present a case with bilateral hippocampal infarction in whom distinguishing these two conditions was difficult for up to 1 week from the onset. A 60-year-old female visited our hospital with sudden onset retrograde and anterograde amnesia. Thin-slice magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with 2-mm thickness revealed hyperintense signals on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with signal loss on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on both sides of the hippocampus. MRI with 5-mm thickness on day 7 revealed persistent restricted diffusion on both sides, one of which was still with decreased ADC values. Based on this finding, the diagnosis of bilateral hippocampal infarction was reached, and the relapse-preventive antiplatelet was continued. This case implied the potential difficulty of distinguishing cases with TGA and those with hippocampal infarction based on MRI findings within the first several days after onset. Thin-slice brain MRI, careful search of potential cardiovascular risks, and follow-up MRI ≥ 7 days after onset will be helpful to reach a correct diagnosis in cases with sudden amnesia.

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Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case With Bilateral Hippocampal Infarction Resembling Transient Global Amnesia

Akaishi,

Asari,

Sekiguchi

et al. 2024

J Med Cases

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“…Связь ТГА и СОЦВ представляется наиболее интригующей, так как данные состояния имеют сходные триггеры и характеризуются обратимостью симптомов (за исключением тяжелых случаев СОЦВ), а также запаздыванием изменений при визуализации (зоны ограничения диффузии при ТГА; инфаркты и мультифокальная сегментарная вазоконстрикция при СОЦВ) относительно клинической картины (амнезия и головная боль соответственно). В основе данных синдромов может лежать нейрональная или сосудистая дисфункция вследствие симпатической гиперактивации в ответ на физический или эмоциональный стимул [44,45]. Наконец, роль стресса в развитии заболевания подтверждается доказанным повышением секреции кортизола в момент атаки, с чем, вероятно, связано наличие у заболевания циркадианного паттерна с пиком в 10:00-11:00 и в 16:00-17:00 [46].…”

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Transient global amnesia

Kulesh,

Demin,

Kayleva

et al. 2024

RJTAO

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Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a benign, stress-induced neurological syndrome associated with reversible hippocampal dysfunction that manifests as isolated, predominantly anterograde amnesia. Since it is impossible to make a definitive diagnosis of TGA when the patient is admitted to hospital, the primary condition should be interpreted as an acute cerebrovascular accident, which implies a mandatory neuroimaging examination and clarification of the question of thrombolysis according to general principles. When taking a medical history, attention should be paid to the presence of predisposing conditions and triggers: migraine, chronic and acute stress, physical activity, sudden changes in temperature, Valsalva maneuver, coitus, medical procedures. If amnesia does not resolve within 24 hours, a differential diagnosis with stroke, Wernicke–Korsakoff encephalopathy, limbic encephalitis, intoxication and psychogenic (dissociative) amnesia is required. If the symptoms resolve within 24 hours and the classic diagnostic criteria are met, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in diffusion-weighted mode is performed on days 2 to 4 in order to detect pinpoint zones of diffusion restriction in the hippocampus. If these lesions are visible and a typical medical history is available, the diagnosis of TGA can be made; if no lesions are present, the diagnosis is probable. In the absence of lesions and an atypical history of TGA, differentiation from transient epileptic or dissociative amnesia and transient ischemic attack is required.

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