The link between abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome

Phillips, Liza K.; Prins, Johannes B.

doi:10.1007/s11906-008-0029-7

Cited by 154 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

114

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…MetS, sometimes referred to as insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X is a term for a combination of disorders that may include impaired glucose tolerance or insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, and obesity (reviewed in Despres et al (2008) and Phillips & Prins (2008)). Key factors are abdominal obesity and insulin resistance, where normal insulin levels are insufficient to reduce circulating levels of glucose or triglycerides.…”

Section: Is Exposure To Edcs Involved In Development Of Metabolic Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine disruptive chemicals: mechanisms of action and involvement in metabolic disorders

Swedenborg¹,

Rüegg²,

Mäkelä³

et al. 2009

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

254

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endocrine disruption refers to the ability of chemicals to interfere with hormonal systems, and has raised considerable concern in recent years. Endocrine disruptive chemicals (EDCs) pose a documented risk to wildlife and have the potential to negatively influence human health. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of endocrine disruption and the possible involvement of EDCs in metabolic disorders. The first part describes the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and nuclear receptors (NRs) in mediating effects of EDCs, in particular, how cross-talk between AhR and NR pathways can lead to endocrine disruption. The second part deals with how these receptors are involved in metabolic functions and how their targeting by EDCs can lead to disturbances in glucose and fat metabolism. The article illustrates that, although there is accumulating data on molecular mechanisms of EDC action as well as on EDC involvement in metabolic disorders, there is still a great demand for data that can unite the mechanistic and the toxicological /epidemiological observations.

show abstract

Section: Is Exposure To Edcs Involved In Development Of Metabolic Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine disruptive chemicals: mechanisms of action and involvement in metabolic disorders

Swedenborg¹,

Rüegg²,

Mäkelä³

et al. 2009

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

254

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Obesity is associated with a number of serious health problems among adults such as type 2 diabetes, 1 cancer, 2 cardiovascular disease, 3 and all-cause mortality. 4 These risks coupled with sharply rising rates of obesity among US adults [5][6][7][8] are a source of public health concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint associations of physical activity and sedentary behaviors with body mass index: results from a time use survey of US adults

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Obesity risk is negatively associated with physical activity and positively associated with time spent in sedentary behaviors. Yet, it is not known how different combinations of sedentary and active behavior are associated with body mass index (BMI). This study examined the interaction between time spent in physical activity and sedentary behavior on BMI in US adults. Design: Cross-sectional, data from the 2006 American Time Use Survey. Subjects: 10 984 non-underweight adults (aged 21 þ years). Measurement: A phone interview assessed all activities performed in the past 24 h, height, weight, health status, and other sociodemographic characteristics. Time spent in (1) moderate-to-vigorous leisure-time physical activity (MVPA), (2) active transportation (walking, biking), (3) sedentary leisure activities (TV/movie watching, computer use, playing games, reading), and (4) sedentary transportation (motorized vehicles) was determined from activity coding. BMI was calculated. Results: After adjusting for age, gender, education level, race/ethnicity, and health status, sample-weighted linear regressions found significant interactions for leisure MVPA Â TV/movies, leisure MVPA Â playing games, active transportation Â sedentary transportation, and active transportation Â reading (Pso0.0001). For example, the group of adults watching o60 min per day of TV/movies and engaging in X60 min per day of leisure MVPA had lower average BMI compared to the group watching o60 min per day of TV/movies and reporting o60 min per day of leisure MVPA (Po0.0001). In contrast, for adults watching X189 min per day of TV/movies, there was not a significant difference in BMI by time spent in leisure MVPA. Conclusion: Data from a US time use survey indicate that the strength of the association between certain types of sedentary behavior and BMI varies according to time spent in certain types of physical activity and vice versa.

show abstract

“…A key cause of metabolic syndrome is inflammation in visceral adipocytes (Phillips and Prins 2008). As these adipocytes hypertrophy, they tend to become oxidatively stressed and develop an inflammatory phenotype associated with increased production and secretion of cytokines such as IL-6 and TNF-alpha, and decreased secretion of the protective adipokine adiponectin (which, as noted, can activate AMPK).…”

Section: Controlling Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 94%

AMPK activation—protean potential for boosting healthspan

McCarty

2013

AGE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) is activated when the cellular (AMP+ADP)/ATP ratio rises; it therefore serves as a detector of cellular "fuel deficiency." AMPK activation is suspected to mediate some of the health-protective effects of long-term calorie restriction. Several drugs and nutraceuticals which slightly and safely impede the efficiency of mitochondrial ATP g e n e r a t i o n -m o s t n o t a b l y m e t f o r m i n a n d berberine-can be employed as clinical AMPK activators and, hence, may have potential as calorie restriction mimetics for extending healthspan. Indeed, current evidence indicates that AMPK activators may reduce risk for atherosclerosis, heart attack, and stroke; help to prevent ventricular hypertrophy and manage congestive failure; ameliorate metabolic syndrome, reduce risk for type 2 diabetes, and aid glycemic control in diabetics; reduce risk for weight gain; decrease risk for a number of common cancers while improving prognosis in cancer therapy; decrease risk for dementia and possibly other neurodegenerative disorders; help to preserve the proper structure of bone and cartilage; and possibly aid in the prevention and control of autoimmunity. While metformin and berberine appear to have the greatest utility as clinical AMPK activators-as reflected by their efficacy in diabetes management-regular ingestion of vinegar, as well as moderate alcohol consumption, may also achieve a modest degree of healthprotective AMPK activation. The activation of AMPK achievable with any of these measures may be potentiated by clinical doses of the drug salicylate, which can bind to AMPK and activate it allosterically.

show abstract

The link between abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome

Cited by 154 publications

References 50 publications

Endocrine disruptive chemicals: mechanisms of action and involvement in metabolic disorders

Endocrine disruptive chemicals: mechanisms of action and involvement in metabolic disorders

Joint associations of physical activity and sedentary behaviors with body mass index: results from a time use survey of US adults

AMPK activation—protean potential for boosting healthspan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About