The Lindi Formation (upper Albian–Coniacian) and Tanzania Drilling Project Sites 36–40 (Lower Cretaceous to Paleogene): Lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy

Berrocoso, Álvaro Jiménez; Huber, Brian T.; MacLeod, Kenneth G.; Petrizzo, Maria Rose; Lees, Jackie A.; Wendler, Ines; Coxall, Helen K.; Mweneinda, Amina K.; Falzoni, Francesca; Birch, Heather; Haynes, S.J.; Bown, Paul R.; Robinson, Stuart A.; Singano, Joyce M.

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.09.017

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The mid‐Cretaceous (Albian‐Coniacian) marine strata widely distributed in the southeastern coastal surface/subsurface area of Tanzania (Figure ) have recently been named the Lindi Formation [ Jiménez Berrocoso et al, ]. It is a sedimentary package characterized by thick accumulations of mainly fine‐grained sediments deposited in an evolving passive margin basin formed through the breakup of Gondwana and rifting away of Madagascar from Africa [ Jiménez Berrocoso et al , ].…”

Section: Site Information Material and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Cenomanian “hot greenhouse” revealed by oxygen isotope record of exceptionally well‐preserved foraminifera from Tanzania

et al. 2015

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The search into Earth's mid‐Cretaceous greenhouse conditions has recently been stimulated by the Tanzania Drilling Project (TDP) which has recovered exceptionally well‐preserved biogenic carbonates from subsurface pre‐Neogene marine sediments in the eastern margin of central Africa. Published Tanzanian oxygen isotope records measured on exquisitely preserved foraminiferal tests, dating to as old as ~93 Ma, provided evidence for a Turonian “hot greenhouse” with very high and stable water‐column temperatures. We have generated a comparable data set of exceptionally well‐preserved foraminifera from a lower Cenomanian interval of TDP Site 24 spanning 99.9–95.9 Ma (planktonic foraminiferal Thalmanninella globotruncanoides Zone; nannofossil Corollithion kennedyi to Lithraphidites eccentricus Zones), thereby extending the age coverage of the Tanzanian foraminiferal δ18O record back by ~7 million years. Throughout the interval analyzed, the new foraminiferal δ18O data are consistently around −4.3‰ for surface‐dwelling planktonic taxa and −1.9‰ for benthic Lenticulina spp., which translate to conservative paleotemperature estimates of >31°C at the surface and >17°C at the sea floor (upper bathyal depths). Considering the ~40°S Cenomanian paleolatitude of TDP Site 24, these estimates are higher than computer simulation results for accepted “normal” greenhouse conditions (those with up to 4X preindustrial pCO2 level) and suggest that the climate mode of the early Cenomanian was very similar to the Turonian hot greenhouse. Taking account of other comparable data sources from different regions, the hot greenhouse mode within the normal mid‐Cretaceous greenhouse may have begun by the latest Albian, but the precise timing of the critical transition remains uncertain.

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Section: Site Information Material and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Cenomanian “hot greenhouse” revealed by oxygen isotope record of exceptionally well‐preserved foraminifera from Tanzania

et al. 2015

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“…Additionally, industry boreholes and independently funded drilling campaigns, such as the Tanzanian Drilling Project (e.g. Jimenez Berrocoso et al ., ), or the Karoo Research Initiative (KARIN) Project in the Karoo Basin (see https://www.uj.ac.za/faculties/science/Pages/Karoo-Research-Initiative-in-CIMERA.aspx), also have a critical role in furthering the science.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesozoic climates and oceans – a tribute to Hugh Jenkyns and Helmut Weissert

et al. 2017

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The study of past greenhouse climate intervals in Earth history, such as the Mesozoic, is an important, relevant and dynamic area of research for many sedimentary geologists, geochemists, palaeontologists and climate modellers. The Mesozoic sedimentary record provides key insights into the mechanics of how the Earth system works under warmer conditions, providing examples of natural climate change and perturbations to ocean chemistry, including anoxia, that are of societal relevance for understanding and contextualizing ongoing and future environmental problems. Furthermore, the deposition of widespread organic-carbon-rich sediments ('black shales') during the Mesozoic means that this is an era of considerable economic interest. In July 2015, an international group of geoscientists attended a workshop in Ascona, Switzerland, to discuss all aspects of the Mesozoic world and to celebrate the four-decade-long contributions made by Hugh Jenkyns (University of Oxford) and Helmut Weissert (ETH Zü rich) to our understanding of this fascinating era in Earth history. This volume of Sedimentology arose from that meeting and contains papers inspired by (and co-authored by!) Hugh and Helmi. Here, a brief introduction to the volume is provided that reviews aspects of Hugh and Helmi's major achievements; contextualizes the papers of the Thematic Issue; and discusses some of the outstanding questions and areas for future research.

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“…1). Initial results of the drilling and field work and interpretations of the regional geology and stratigraphy were published in Jiménez Berrocoso et al (2010Berrocoso et al ( , 2015.…”

Section: The Tanzania Drilling Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An outer shelf to upper slope setting is inferred for the Lindi Fm. based on the predominance of clay and fine silt lithologies, relatively abundant and diverse assemblages of planktonic fora mini fera and calcareous nannofossils, sporadic distribution of mollusks, including ammonites, micro-bivalves, and micro-gastropods, and absence of storm-related sedimentary structures (Jiménez Berrocoso et al 2015). The distance between the TDP boreholes and the nearest Cretaceous shoreline was estimated to be at least 50 km based on the field studies of Kent et al (1971).…”

Section: Geologic Setting Of Southeast Tanzaniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The more organic-rich, laminated intervals in the Turonian sequence suggest deposition under reduced energy and possibly low oxygen conditions, while occasional thin, massive, bioturbated sandstone beds in the Lindi Fm. were probably emplaced during more oxygenated offshore bottom current transport (Jiménez Berrocoso et al 2015). Studies of the organic biomarker composition of the Cretaceous and Paleogene sediments indicates the organic matter is thermally immature and is mostly composed of terrestrially derived material with very little contribution by marine sources (van Dongen et al 2006, Haynes et al 2016.…”

Section: Geologic Setting Of Southeast Tanzaniamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlation of Turonian continental margin and deep-sea sequences in the subtropical Indian Ocean sediments by integrated planktonic foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy

Huber¹,

Petrizzo²,

Watkins³

et al. 2017

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Marine mudstone sediments recovered from multiple boreholes drilled in southeast Tanzania yield some of the best preserved Turonian microfossils in the world, and these specimens provide a valuable new perspective on planktonic foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil evolution, taxonomy, biostratigraphy, and biodiversity. High sedimentation rates and the consistent presence of well-preserved microfossil assemblages throughout the sequence increase the resolution of biostratigraphic data generated allowing for improved correlation within and outside the depositional basin. The late early-middle Turonian Tanzanian record reveals prolonged species stasis with essentially no changes in relative abundance, no extinctions, and no evolutionary appearances for both calcareous plankton groups until the late middle Turonian. This interval is followed in the late Turonian by two species turnovers. The older of these occurs at the top of the mid-Turonian Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica Zone, where last occurrences of three planktonic foraminiferal species are followed, within several meters, by first occurrences of five foraminiferal species and an increase in the abundance of dwarfed planktonic forms. Changes in the calcareous nannofossil assemblages at this level are modest and include the extinction of one calcareous nannofossil species and an abrupt but temporary spike in the abundance of another species. There are no obvious changes in lithology, bulk sediment geochemistry, or stable isotope values across this first turnover event. The second, larger species turnover occurs at a hiatus within the late Turonian Marginotruncana sinuosa-Huberella huberi Zone and is marked by extinction of three calcareous nannofossil species followed by first appearances of four calcareous nannofossil species. Corresponding with the nannofossil first occurrences is a dramatic increase in the relative abundance of several species of biserial planktonic foraminifera, an increase in average grain size, and a shift in preservation

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The Lindi Formation (upper Albian–Coniacian) and Tanzania Drilling Project Sites 36–40 (Lower Cretaceous to Paleogene): Lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy

Cited by 21 publications

References 56 publications

Early Cenomanian “hot greenhouse” revealed by oxygen isotope record of exceptionally well‐preserved foraminifera from Tanzania

Early Cenomanian “hot greenhouse” revealed by oxygen isotope record of exceptionally well‐preserved foraminifera from Tanzania

Mesozoic climates and oceans – a tribute to Hugh Jenkyns and Helmut Weissert

Correlation of Turonian continental margin and deep-sea sequences in the subtropical Indian Ocean sediments by integrated planktonic foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy

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