The limitations of applying zero-valent iron technology in contaminants sequestration and the corresponding countermeasures: The development in zero-valent iron technology in the last two decades (1994–2014)

Guan, Xiaohong; Sun, Yuankui; Qin, Hejie; Li, Jinxiang; Lo, Irene Man Chi; He, Di; Dong, Haoran

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.034

Cited by 797 publications

(370 citation statements)

References 213 publications

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“…ZVI undergoes a series of corrosion reactions in water. The anodic process is the dissolution of Fe(0), while the cathodic process is the evolution of H 2 (g) under anaerobic conditions and O 2 reduction under oxic conditions [79,80]. Metallic iron (Fe(0)) produces, upon immersion, iron corrosion products including nascent oxides and Fe 2+ , which play a crucial role in H 2 O 2 activation.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Heterogeneous Fenton and Photofenton Reactions mentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview on heterogeneous Fenton and photoFenton reactions using zerovalent iron materials

Litter

Slodowicz

2017

Journal of Advanced Oxidation Technologies

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Abstract:The basic and applied aspects of Fenton and Fenton-like processes for removal of pollutants using zerovalent iron materials, including nanoparticles, are reviewed in this article. Only those examples including the use of the iron materials together with hydrogen peroxide addition are included. The mechanistic aspects of homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton processes, still under discussion, are displayed. The use of biogenic generated iron nanoparticles for removal of pollutants is discussed due to their novelty and economy of synthesis.

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Section: Mechanism Of Heterogeneous Fenton and Photofenton Reactions mentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview on heterogeneous Fenton and photoFenton reactions using zerovalent iron materials

Litter

Slodowicz

2017

Journal of Advanced Oxidation Technologies

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“…The complexity of processes in Fe 0 /H 2 O systems has led to the misconception that Fe 0 is a lone reducing agent [26,29,33,36,112,113]. This may explain why Fe 0 has not been widely tested for F´removal, i.e., the standard electrode potentials for fluoride (E 0 = 2.87 V, Equation (3)) and Fe 0 (E 0 = 0.44 V, Equation (4) There are two other important features of Fe 0 corrosion pathways that are essential for the process of contaminant removal: (i) the volume of each oxide (V oxide ) is larger than the volume of the parent metallic iron (V iron ) [88] and (ii) during the precipitation of oxides, contaminants can become enmeshed (i.e., physically sequestered) [107,108].…”

Section: The State-of-the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technologies for Decentralized Fluoride Removal: Testing Metallic Iron-based Filters

Ndé-Tchoupé

Crane

Mwakabona

et al. 2015

Water

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Since the realization in the 1930s that elevated fluoride concentrations in drinking water can have detrimental effects on human health, new methods have been progressively developed in order to reduce fluoride to acceptable levels. In the developing world the necessity for filtration media that are both low-cost and sourced from locally available materials has resulted in the widespread use of bone char. Since the early 1990s metallic iron (Fe 0 ) has received widespread use as both an adsorbent and a reducing agent for the removal of a wide range of contaminant species from water. The ion-selectivity of Fe 0 is dictated by the positively charged surface of iron (hydr)oxides at circumneutral pH. This suggests that Fe 0 could potentially be applied as suitable filter media for the negatively charged fluoride ion. This communication seeks to demonstrate from a theoretical basis and using empirical data from the literature the suitability of Fe 0 filters for fluoride removal. The work concludes that Fe 0 -bearing materials, such as steel wool, hold good promise as low-cost, readily available and highly effective decentralized fluoride treatment materials.

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“…The following mechanism of Cr VI removal by Fe II is widely accepted in the geochemical literature: (1) Cr VI is reduced to Cr III by Fe II ; (2) Fe II is oxidized to Fe III ; and (3) Fe III rapidly precipitates as hydroxide. The reduced Cr III is easily adsorbed or co-precipitated with the ferric hydroxide [10,127]. While this view corroborates thermodynamic data, it is still to be made convincing why quantitative Cr VI reduction should precede adsorption.…”

Section: Chromium Removal By Fe II Speciesmentioning

confidence: 54%

Progress in Understanding the Mechanism of CrVI Removal in Fe0-Based Filtration Systems

Gheju¹

2018

Water

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Hexavalent chromium (Cr VI ) compounds are used in a variety of industrial applications and, as a result, large quantities of Cr VI have been released into the environment due to inadequate precautionary measures or accidental releases. Cr VI is highly toxic to most living organisms and a known human carcinogen by inhalation route of exposure. Another major issue of concern about Cr VI compounds is their high mobility, which easily leads to contamination of surface waters, soil, and ground waters. In recent years, attention has been focused on the use of metallic iron (Fe 0 ) for the abatement of Cr VI polluted waters. Despite a great deal of research, the mechanisms behind the efficient aqueous Cr VI removal in the presence of Fe 0 (Fe 0 /H 2 O systems) remain deeply controversial. The introduction of the Fe 0 -based filtration technology, at the beginning of 1990s, was coupled with the broad consensus that direct reduction of Cr VI by Fe 0 was followed by co-precipitation of resulted cations (Cr III , Fe III ). This view is still the dominant removal mechanism (reductive-precipitation mechanism) within the Fe 0 remediation industry. An overview on the literature on the Cr geochemistry suggests that the reductive-precipitation theory should never have been adopted. Moreover, recent investigations recalling that a Fe 0 /H 2 O system is an ion-selective one in which electrostatic interactions are of primordial importance is generally overlooked. The present work critically reviews existing knowledge on the Fe 0 /Cr VI /H 2 O and Cr VI /H 2 O systems, and clearly demonstrates that direct reduction with Fe 0 followed by precipitation is not acceptable, under environmental relevant conditions, as the sole/main mechanism of Cr VI removal in the presence of Fe 0 .

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The limitations of applying zero-valent iron technology in contaminants sequestration and the corresponding countermeasures: The development in zero-valent iron technology in the last two decades (1994–2014)

Cited by 797 publications

References 213 publications

An overview on heterogeneous Fenton and photoFenton reactions using zerovalent iron materials

An overview on heterogeneous Fenton and photoFenton reactions using zerovalent iron materials

Technologies for Decentralized Fluoride Removal: Testing Metallic Iron-based Filters

Progress in Understanding the Mechanism of CrVI Removal in Fe0-Based Filtration Systems

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