The lime–silicate question

Bothe, Hermann

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.07.004

Cited by 26 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 150 publications

(150 reference statements)

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“…Biotic factors may further drive edaphic adaptation in A. lyrata , owing to chemically driven changes in plant–soil microbial interactions, hence solubilization mechanisms in the rhizosphere (Jones & Oburger, ). Interestingly, our results do not provide direct evidence for adaptation to physical factors, despite the general expectation that calcareous populations face increased drought and temperature stress, due to the low water retention capacity of calcareous rocks (Bothe, ; Kinzel, ).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…Calcareous and siliceous soils substantially differ with respect to their chemical and physical properties (Bothe, ; Kinzel, ; Lee, ). As expected, genomic comparisons of A. lyrata soil ecotypes reveal an enrichment of genes involved in ion transport among candidates of divergent selection, such as glutamate receptors GLR2.5 (Spalding & Harper, ) and potassium uptake permeases KUP9/KUP10 (homologs AL1G45650 and AL7G33950 of AT1G31120 and AT4G19960, respectively; Ahn, Shin, & Scachtman, ), which jointly regulate cellular calcium and potassium concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detection of multiple outlier SNPs in genes involved in phosphate homoeostasis, such as the vacuolar phosphate transporter VPT1 (Liu et al, ), is consistent with differential response to soil chemistry. Apatite, for example, constitutes the primary source of inorganic phosphorus in rocks and is more soluble at low than at neutral‐to‐alkaline pH (Bothe, ; Jones & Oburger, ; Kinzel, ; Lee, ). Biotic factors may further drive edaphic adaptation in A. lyrata , owing to chemically driven changes in plant–soil microbial interactions, hence solubilization mechanisms in the rhizosphere (Jones & Oburger, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…How different nitrogen compounds interact to mediate seed germination is not fully resolved though (Duermeyer et al, ). Given that light and temperature were kept constant in our germination trials, we hypothesize that the availability of nitrogen as ammonium rather than nitrate in siliceous soils (Bothe, ; Kinzel, ; Lee, ) mediated differential responses in seed dormancy in A. lyrata soil ecotypes. The detection of multiple outlier SNPs in the high‐affinity nitrate transporter NRT2.1 (homolog AL1G18450 of AT1G08090; Remans et al, ) further corroborates our assumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theophrastus in the fourth century BC (Hughes, ) noticed the contrasting vegetation found between calcareous and siliceous soils, raising the attention of botanists (Braun‐Blanquet, ; Ellenberg, ; Unger, ) and plant physiologists (Bothe, ; Kinzel, ; Lee, ) thereafter to edaphic plant adaptation. The recurrent observation of significant genotype‐by‐environment (GxE) effects, when reciprocally growing calcicole and calcifuge species (i.e., species that preferentially occur on calcareous or siliceous substrates, respectively) under controlled edaphic conditions, suggests that soil chemistry underlies the evolution of edaphic specialists (Clymo, ; Davies & Snaydon, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The genomic basis of adaptation to calcareous and siliceous soils in Arabidopsis lyrata

et al. 2018

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Edaphic conditions are important determinants of plant fitness. While much has been learnt in recent years about plant adaptation to heavy metal contaminated soils, the genomic basis underlying adaptation to calcareous and siliceous substrates remains largely unknown. We performed a reciprocal germination experiment and whole‐genome resequencing in natural calcareous and siliceous populations of diploid Arabidopsis lyrata to test for edaphic adaptation and detect signatures of selection at loci associated with soil‐mediated divergence. In parallel, genome scans on respective diploid ecotypes from the Arabidopsis arenosa species complex were undertaken, to search for shared patterns of adaptive genetic divergence. Soil ecotypes of A. lyrata display significant genotype‐by‐treatment responses for seed germination. Sequence (SNPs) and copy‐number variants (CNVs) point towards loci involved in ion transport as the main targets of adaptive genetic divergence. Two genes exhibiting high differentiation among soil types in A. lyrata further share trans‐specific single nucleotide polymorphisms with A. arenosa. This work applies experimental and genomic approaches to study edaphic adaptation in A. lyrata and suggests that physiological response to elemental toxicity and deficiency underlies the evolution of calcareous and siliceous ecotypes. The discovery of shared adaptive variation between sister species indicates that ancient polymorphisms contribute to adaptive evolution.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The genomic basis of adaptation to calcareous and siliceous soils in Arabidopsis lyrata

et al. 2018

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Is relative Si/Ca availability crucial to the performance of grassland ecosystems?

2017

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Abstract. Species composition of grasslands and pastures is an important control on biomass production and ecological functioning, with a significant role of grasses and legumes. A change in composition of legumes/grasses abundance and biomass ratio results in altered nutrient cycling and composition of higher trophic-level communities (e.g., grazers). However, in addition to pasturing and fire effects, other parameters may also potentially affect grassland composition. Grasses are known as silicon (Si) accumulators and legumes as calcium (Ca) accumulators. We propose a new testable hypothesis, and a conceptual model, on the role of Si/Ca availability in controlling legume/grass dominance/competition in grassland systems. Based on available literature, we argue that Si/Ca availability is an important trigger for shifts in abundance of both plant families. The differential uptake of Si and Ca by legumes and grasses affects grassland biogeochemistry and microbial (fungal) biomass. In addition, altered litter stoichiometry, through impact of Ca and Si uptake on N, C, and P turnover, affects the decomposition processes.

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Calcifuge and soil-indifferent Proteaceae from south-western Australia: novel strategies in a calcareous habitat

Hayes,

Clode,

Lambers

2023

Plant Soil

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Background and aims Proteaceae are a prominent plant family in south-western Australia. Most Proteaceae are ‘calcifuge’, occurring exclusively on old phosphorus (P)-impoverished acidic soils, with a few ‘soil-indifferent’ species also found on young P-richer calcareous soils. Calcium (Ca)-enhanced P toxicity explains the calcifuge habit of Proteaceae. However, previous research has so far been focused exclusively on the roles of Ca and P in determining Proteaceae distribution, and consequently there is little knowledge on how other soil-based strategies influence this distribution. We aimed to study the effects of young calcareous soils on four soil-grown Proteaceae and assess differences between calcifuge and soil-indifferent Proteaceae to better understand their natural distribution. Methods Two calcifuge and two soil-indifferent Proteaceae from south-western Australia were grown in six contrasting soils, including young calcareous, and old acidic soils. Results When grown in calcareous soils all species showed root growth inhibition, micronutrient deficiency, Ca-enhanced P toxicity, and negative impacts on physiology. Calcifuge species were more sensitive to calcareous soils than soil-indifferent ones, although this varied between genera. Soil-indifferent species tended to produce more cluster roots, release more carboxylates per root mass, and allocate less Ca to their leaves, compared with calcifuges; they also had smaller seeds and were less sensitive to Ca-enhanced P toxicity. Conclusion We surmise that a combination of these traits allows soil-indifferent species to tolerate calcareous soils. This study provides insight into how Proteaceae respond to young calcareous soils and how this influences their distribution.

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The lime–silicate question

Cited by 26 publications

References 150 publications

The genomic basis of adaptation to calcareous and siliceous soils in Arabidopsis lyrata

The genomic basis of adaptation to calcareous and siliceous soils in Arabidopsis lyrata

Is relative Si/Ca availability crucial to the performance of grassland ecosystems?

Calcifuge and soil-indifferent Proteaceae from south-western Australia: novel strategies in a calcareous habitat

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