The lifetime prevalence of exposure to community violence among Lebanese university students: association with behavioural and mental health correlates

Itani, Taha; Fischer, Florian; Chu, Janet Junqing

doi:10.1080/02673843.2017.1337585

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Previous research conducted in Lebanon generally suggests that women are especially prone to psychological distress (Ayyash-Abdo & Alamuddin, 2007; Barbour et al, 2012). However, Itani et al (2018) found a 70% prevalence of exposure of community violence in Lebanese young adults (both men and women), which was also associated with psychological distress. Moreover, communal tensions and violence, war, and the COVID-19 pandemic and recent explosion in Beirut are likely to affect the entire population.…”

Section: A Theoretical Model Predicting Coping Stylesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping styles in heterosexual and non-heterosexual students in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study (Estilo de afrontamiento en estudiantes heterosexuales y no heterosexuales en Líbano: un estudio transversal)

Jaspal

Assi

Maatouk

2022

International Journal of Social Psychology: Revista de Psicolog

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The Lebanese population has been exposed to multiple stressors associated with political and economic instability for decades. Using survey data from 203 university students in Beirut, this study focuses on the factors that predict coping styles in men and women and heterosexual and non-heterosexual people in Lebanon. Heterosexual people reported higher religiosity and ethnic identification but lower psychological distress than nonheterosexual people. Women reported higher religiosity but lower identity resilience and engagement in the re-thinking/planning coping style than men. Religiosity was positively associated with identity resilience and ethnic identification but negatively associated with the social engagement coping style. Ethnic identification and identity resilience were positively associated with the social engagement and re-thinking/planning coping styles. Identity resilience and religiosity were negatively associated with psychological distress. The social engagement and re-thinking /planning coping styles were positively correlated. Results suggest that non-heterosexual people may be less likely to adopt adaptive coping styles because of their decreased religiosity and ethnic identification and that men and women have distinct pathways to adaptive coping strategies (through identity resilience and religiosity, respectively). RESUMENLa población libanesa ha estado expuesta a múltiples factores estresantes asociados a la inestabilidad política y económica durante décadas. Con los datos de un estudio realizado con 203 estudiantes universitarios en Beirut, este estudio se centra en los factores que predicen el estilo de afrontamiento en hombres y mujeres, y en personas heterosexuales y no heterosexuales en Líbano. Las personas heterosexuales manifestaron tener más religiosidad e identificación étnica, pero menos trastornos psicológicos que las personas no heterosexuales. Las mujeres manifestaron mayor religiosidad pero menor resiliencia de la identidad y compromiso que los hombres en el estilo de afrontamiento reconsiderar/planificar. La religiosidad se asoció positivamente con la resiliencia de la identidad y la ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: A Theoretical Model Predicting Coping Stylesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping styles in heterosexual and non-heterosexual students in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study (Estilo de afrontamiento en estudiantes heterosexuales y no heterosexuales en Líbano: un estudio transversal)

Jaspal

Assi

Maatouk

2022

International Journal of Social Psychology: Revista de Psicolog

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“…There has been some work on the impact of violence on psychological health, including the onset of psychological distress (e.g. Abu-Saba, 1999;Itani, Fischer and Chu, 2018). Although there is no research into psychological distress among nonheterosexual people in Lebanon, there is evidence from other countries that non-heterosexual people are at increased risk of psychological distress, due largely to preventable situational stressors.…”

Section: Psychological Distressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological distress and self-harm in a religiously diverse sample of Lebanese students

Assi

Maatouk

Jaspal

2020

Mental Health, Religion & Culture

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Drawing on identity process theory from social psychology, this study explores the protective and risk factors of psychological distress and self-harm in a religiously diverse sample of heterosexual and non-heterosexual students at an English-speaking university in Lebanon. A convenience sample of 209 undergraduate students participated in a cross-sectional survey and completed measures of religiosity, identity threat, psychological distress and self-harm. Results indicated that non-heterosexual participants exhibited higher levels of psychological distress, were more likely to report self-harm, and reported lower levels of religiosity than their heterosexual counterparts. The multiple regression analyses showed that religiosity is protective against psychological distress, and that sexual orientation distress predicts selfharm. In order to reduce the risk of psychological distress and self-harm, it will be necessary to challenge stigma towards sexual minorities, to promote engagement with a broader range of social identity categories (other than just religion), and to ensure that individuals of all faiths and sexualities in Lebanon are able to access counselling support if they require it.

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“…Previous studies consistently reported that community violence is associated with many physical, psychological, or developmental problems (DeCou & Lynch, 2017;Itani et al, 2018;Overstreet, 2000). Those exposed to community violence were often physically injured, had head trauma, and applied to the emergency units of hospitals (Jaycox et al, 2004;Sutherland et al, 2002).…”

Section: Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Recurring Community Violence Scale: A validity and reliability study in Turkey

Kızıltepe

Korkmaz

Irmak

2022

Journal Community Psychology

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Recent years have witnessed a substantial increase in the interest in violence occurring at home or school, as well as in neighborhoods. Yet, there is no standardized instrument to measure community violence in Turkey. Thus, the present study aimed to adapt the Exposure to Recurring Community Violence Scale into Turkish and explore its psychometric properties. The sample consisted of 210 participants (57% were females) between 18 and 64 years (Mage = 38.33, SD = 10.67). For criterion‐related validity, we evaluated the participants' scores on the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), the Traumatic Life Events Form, the Relationship Quality Scale, and a Demographic Information Form. We performed all statistical analyses using the FACTOR and SPSS v.20 programs. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a 2‐factor structure for the scale (victimization and witnessing), explaining 52% of the total variance. As expected, the witnessing and victimization scores were correlated with the subscales of the BSI, the number of traumatic life events, and the subscales of The Relationship Quality Scale. For reliability concerns, we calculated Cronbach's α coefficients to be 0.79 for the victimization and 0.90 for the witnessing. Besides, the findings revealed acceptable psychometric properties for the Turkish version of the Exposure to Recurring Community Violence Scale. Thereby, we concluded that the scale can be used as a reliable and valid measure in the Turkish context. Overall, the scale will likely allow further research to scrutinize the risk factors and consequences of community violence.

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The lifetime prevalence of exposure to community violence among Lebanese university students: association with behavioural and mental health correlates

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Coping styles in heterosexual and non-heterosexual students in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study (Estilo de afrontamiento en estudiantes heterosexuales y no heterosexuales en Líbano: un estudio transversal)

Coping styles in heterosexual and non-heterosexual students in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study (Estilo de afrontamiento en estudiantes heterosexuales y no heterosexuales en Líbano: un estudio transversal)

Psychological distress and self-harm in a religiously diverse sample of Lebanese students

Exposure to Recurring Community Violence Scale: A validity and reliability study in Turkey

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