“…However, some species exhibit an abbreviated life-cycle where the definitive host is lost through a progressive event of facultative precocious development, leading to an obligate two-host pattern with a crustacean as the final host, and finally a host switching event from the crustaceans to leeches as definitive hosts (Kasl et al , 2018). On the other hand, Magnivitellinum is represented by only three species parasitizing characiform and siluriform fishes distributed in the Neotropical biogeographical region across the Americas, namely Magnivitellinum simplex Kloss, 1966 parasitizing several species of characids and one species of siluriform (Kohn et al , 2007; Pérez-Ponce de León et al , 2007; Davies et al , 2021); Magnivitellinum corvitellinum Lacerda, Takemoto & Pavanelli, 2009 parasitizing Hoplosternum littorale (Hancock) (Siluriformes); and Magnivitellinum saltaensis Davies, Liquín, Lauthier, Párraga, Saravia, Davies & Ostrowski de Núñez, 2021 parasitizing Psalidodon endy (Mirande, Aguilera & Azpelicueta) (Characiformes). Interestingly, the three species have been reported from Argentinian freshwaters (see Lunaschi, 1989; Ostrowski de Núñez et al , 2017; Davies et al , 2021).…”