The Life and Progression of Induced Skin Tumors in Mice

Shubik, Philippe; Baserga, Renato; Ritchie, A. C.

doi:10.1038/bjc.1953.32

Cited by 50 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The results are reminiscent of those obtained by Shubik and Ritchie (1953) following one, two, or three applications of DMBA to the skin, followed by croton oil applications. They failed to obtain a progressive increase in tumour yield, in contrast to the earlier results of Berenblum and Shubik (1949) that increases in the concentration of the initiating agent did yield corresponding increases in the number of tumours produced.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

The Induction of the Initiating Phase of Skin Carcinogenesis in the Mouse by Oral Administration of Urethane (Ethyl Carbamate)

Haran¹,

Berenblum²

1956

Br J Cancer

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

The Induction of the Initiating Phase of Skin Carcinogenesis in the Mouse by Oral Administration of Urethane (Ethyl Carbamate)

Haran¹,

Berenblum²

1956

Br J Cancer

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“…These lesions were very likely naturally occurring; however, the development of hyperplasia in response to continued shaving merits consideration. In this paper we provide evidence for the development of neoplasms from hyperplastic lesions, a progression that has been previously documented in mouse skin carcinogenesis studies (18)(19)(20). Since we have diagnosed squamous cell papillomas in nontreated mice, it is assumed that at least some ofthe hyperplastic lesions also occurred spontaneously in the SENCAR mouse.…”

Section: Histopathologysupporting

confidence: 54%

“…In these cases, the type of tumor and its malignant properties were generally easily recognizable. In one Matrix study, 18 of the 19 skin lesions diagnosed grossly as squamous cell carcinomas were microscopically confirmed as malignant neoplasms. Hennings (36) recently reported that more than 90% of the tumors diagnosed clinically as carcinomas were microscopically confirmed as squamous cell carcinomas.…”

Section: Correlation Of Gross and Microscopic Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gross and Microscopic Lesions in the Female SENCAR Mouse Skin and Lung in Tumor Initiation and Promotion Studies

Knutsen¹,

Kovatch²,

Robinson³

1986

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The skin and lung tissues from SENCAR mice used as part of the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Carcinogenesis Testing Matrix were examined. This study included SENCAR mice used in three different short-term bioassay protocols in which the skin papilloma assay was used to identify initiators, promotors, and complete carcinogens. Also included were the pathology findings from SENCAR mice used in the combined bioassay in which the skin assay and the lung adenoma assay were conducted simultaneously. The gross and microscopic features of treatment-associated and spontaneous lesions of the skin and lung of the SENCAR mouse used in these studies are defined and the lesions most commonly observed are described.Generally, gross observations and microscopic findings in both the skin and lung tissues were poorly correlated. Although there are several definite criteria on which gross interpretations of the various skin and lung lesions can be made, with the exception of pedunculated squamous cell papillomas and the classic squamous cell carcinomas, the various lesion types had a wide variety of clinical presentations that severely compromised the accuracy of gross diagnosis. Further, in the case of benign skin neoplasms, malignant transformation of these tumors most often occurred at the base of the lesion and was initially hidden from gross observation. As a result, approximately 50% of the neoplasms interpreted clinically as benign tumors (papillomas and keratoacanthomas) were actually malignant neoplasms. Moreover, many lesions determined grossly to be nontumorous were in fact found to be neoplastic when examined microscopically.The SENCAR mouse was found to be more responsive in the lung adenoma assay than other strains examined with exception of the Strain A. Although accurate interpretation of the lung lesions in the SENCAR was compromised by nonneoplastic treatment-associated and/or spontaneous lesions, the feasibility of using the SENCAR skin and lung as target tissues in two-stage combined carcinogenesis studies merits further consideration.

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“…Detailed study of the present lesions seems to show a succession of stages leading up to true malignancy but failing to reach it during the lifetime of the mouse. This idea of progression has been developed by Foulds (1949,1950,1951) and by Shubik, Baserga and Ritchie (1953). The successful induction of true gastric carcinoma (Stewart and Lorenz, 1941, 1942 Howes and Oliviera, 1948; Stewart, Hare, Lorenz and Bennett, 1949;Stewart, Hare and Bennett, 1953) and of intestinal carcinoma (Lorenz and Stewart, 1940;Cox, Wilson and DeEds, 1947; Sandin, Miller and Rusch, 1955) shows that the progression can be speeded up by direct injection or by feeding of a carcinogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperplastic and Neoplastic Lesions of the Glandular Stomach and Intestine in Two Inbred Strains of Mice and their Reciprocal Hybrids

Miller¹,

Pybus²

1956

Br J Cancer

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SPONTANEOUS tumours of the glandular stomach and the intestine are rare in mice and rats. The few published descriptions are mentioned in a valuable review by Klein and Palmer (1941) of the literature on spontaneous and induced neoplasia in these organs. Since that date gastric lesions have been found in Strong's NHO strain of mice and have been described by Strong, Collins and Durand (1943), Strong (1945, 1947), McPeak and Warren (1947), Kaplan (1949) and Smith and Strong (1949); these lesions are of particular interest in connection with the present report, which is concerned with lesions of a precancerous and carcinomatous nature found in the glanduilar stomach and, rarely, in the intestine of certain mice. MATERIAL AND METHODSAs described in detail in the first communication in this series (Miller and Pybus, 1954a), mice of the two inbred strains CBA and NBT were crossed reciprocally, and the resulting hybrids were inbred by brother-sister matings for a total of 12 generations, to give the CBA/NBT (or CN) and the NBT/CBA (or NC) strains. When two months old half of the mice in every F1 litter were each given one subcutaneous injection of 1 mg. methylcholanthrene in 01 c.c. sesame oil. These injected mice were then inbred for a total of 10 generations, the members of each generation being similarly injected; these formed the M/CN and M/NC groups. After 4 generations, in which every animal was injected, certain litters from F5 onwards (from mice which early developed tumours at the site of injection) were neither injected nor bred from ; these, together with 2 uninjected generations F1l and F12 (raised from the tenth injected generation), formed the M/CN and M/NC uninjected groups.A number of mice from the two inbred parent strains were likewise injected with methylcholanthrene, forming the M/CBA and M/NBT groups, and these injected mice were bred from by brother-sister matings to give one generation of uninjected mice (M/CBA F1 and M/NBT F1).There were thus 3 groups of reciprocal hybrids, namely the 12 inbred generations of untreated mice, the 10 inbred generations of injected mice, and the 8 generations of untreated mice which were offspring of mice injected for from 4 to 10 generations. There were also 3 groups of the pure strain mice, namely the untreated mice of each pure strain raised during the period of the experiment, the one generation of injected mice, and the one generation of uninjected mice which were offspring of

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The Life and Progression of Induced Skin Tumors in Mice

Cited by 50 publications

References 3 publications

The Induction of the Initiating Phase of Skin Carcinogenesis in the Mouse by Oral Administration of Urethane (Ethyl Carbamate)

The Induction of the Initiating Phase of Skin Carcinogenesis in the Mouse by Oral Administration of Urethane (Ethyl Carbamate)

Gross and Microscopic Lesions in the Female SENCAR Mouse Skin and Lung in Tumor Initiation and Promotion Studies

Hyperplastic and Neoplastic Lesions of the Glandular Stomach and Intestine in Two Inbred Strains of Mice and their Reciprocal Hybrids

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