The levels of visfatin and toll-like receptors in arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) remain widespread diseases that are becoming more prevalent. The role of visfatin and toll-like receptor (TLR) molecules in the pathogenesis of these diseases requires further research. Our aim was to study changes in visfatin and TLR levels in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Fifty-one patients were examined and divided into two groups: group 1 included 27 patients with hypertension and group 2 included 24 people with hypertension and type 2 DM. The control group included 18 practically healthy people. All individuals underwent general blood test, coagulogram, biochemical blood test, enzyme immunoassay to determine the level of visfatin and TLR in the blood serum and echocardiography. Hypertrophy of the walls of the left ventricle (LV) was observed in patients of two observed groups. The most common type of LV geometry was concentric hypertrophy (41.2%). The level of visfatin was significantly higher in patients of group 1, while in patients of group 2 it was decreased (P ˂ 0.05) and the level of TLR was increased (P ˂ 0.05). The elevated level of TLR in the serum of patients with hypertension can be considered a factor of low-grade inflammation, especially in combination with type 2 DM. The increase in the concentration of visfatin in hypertension serves as a more sensitive marker compared to TLR regarding the risk of developing comorbid cardiovascular pathology. The therapeutic treatments of patients with type 2 DM cause a reduction in the concentration of visfatin induced by hypertension. Keywords: hypertension, toll-like receptors, type 2 diabetes mellitus, visfatin