The levels of sCD30 and of sCD40L in a group of patients with systemic lupus erythematodes and their diagnostic value

Abstract

CD30/CD30L and CD40/CD40L are molecules from the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. They have a major effect on communications between the B and T cells, which leads to control of maturation, proliferation, and apoptosis of those cells. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of a soluble form of CD30 (sCD30) and a soluble ligand CD40 (sCD40L) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n=65) and healthy controls (sCD30 n=20, sCD40L n=10) with other parameters of SLE activity. Patients were divided into subgroups according to presence or absence of lupus nephritis (LN; 33 with LN, 32 without LN). The serum levels of selected parameters were assessed also in the subgroups with low active disease characterized by European Lupus Activity Measure (ECLAM) at most 3(n=29) and active disease with ECLAM more than 3 (n=36). The serum levels of sCD30 were 66.0+/-40.2 UI/ml in the whole group. The mean serum levels were 60.0+/-45.2 UI/ml in the subgroups with LN, 67.1+/-38.9 UI/ml in the subgroup without LN, 80.2+/-51.9 UI/ml in the subgroup with active disease, 55.4+/-24.1 UI/ml in the subgroup with low active disease, and finally, 40.1+/-19.2 U/ml in the controls. Significant differences were found between the SLE patients and controls (p=0.0001) and between the active and nonactive groups (p=0.002). A correlation was found between levels of CD30 and ECLAM (r=0.25, p<or=0.05), SLEDAI (SLE Disease Activity Index) (r=0.25, p<or=0.05), C4 component of the complement system (r=0.24, p=0.02), and anti-C1q antibodies (r=0.42, p=0.0001). The levels of sCD40L were 7.4+/-6.7 ng/ml in whole SLE group, 7.0+/-8.1 ng/ml in the subgroup with LN, 8.0+/-4.9 ng/ml in the subgroup without LN, 7.1+/-5.0 ng/ml in the group of patients with active disease, 7.73+/-7.8 ng/ml in the subgroup with low activity, and 2.96+/-1.39.0 ng/ml in the controls. The difference in sCD40L serum levels between patients with SLE and controls was statistically significant (p=0.02). A correlation was found with the anti-C1q antibodies (r=0.21, p=0.05); no other correlations were found. These findings indicate some potential role of both serum parameters in measurement or SLE disease activity, although their usage in the diagnostic of disease requires further investigation.

Imbalance in serum soluble CD30/CD30L and CD40/CD40L systems are associated with ovarian tumors

“…The interaction between these two molecules provides direct help to T cells for B-cell activation and up-and down regulation of their apoptosis. The impaired interaction CD30.CD30L and CD40/sCD40L leads to severe defects in immunity response, as is shown in various cases as SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, and various tumors [15].…”

“…Both, the receptors and its ligands may be secreted to the body fluids, appearing there as soluble forms. They have a major effect on communications between the B and T cells, which leads to control of maturation, proliferation, and apoptosis of those cells [15]. The biological functions performed by sCD30/sCD30L and sCD40/sCD40L systems have been evaluated throughout numerous studies, yet have not been fully explained.…”

Differential Expression of CD30 on CD3 T Lymphocytes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

“…Soluble CD30 is released from the surface of activated T lymphocytes by a zinc metalloproteinase in response to interaction with positive CD30L cells [8]. By analysing serum CD30s levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Cifersk a H et al [15] found significant differences in active SLE patients compared to inactive and higher CD30s levels in patients with SLE than in healthy controls. To assess the CD30 expression status on lymphocytes in basal conditions and upon polyclonal stimulation in patients with SLE, a total of 17 inactive SLE and 4 active SLE patients as positive controls were analysed.…”

“…The CD30 soluble form (CD30s) released from the surface of peripheral blood cells servers as a marker of active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease [14,15], being the CD30s levels higher in active rather than inactive SLE patients. However, to date, the expression level of CD30 on the cell surface of CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte subsets in patients with SLE and its role in the pathogenesis are not known.…”

Development and Validation of a Fluorescent Microsphere Immunoassay for Soluble CD30 Testing

“…In addition, other studies have reported that levels of sCD30 have important prognostic value for various lymphoproliferative disorders (4,15,22), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (5,7), and leishmaniasis (1,2). The current method for quantitation of sCD30 is the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which has good sensitivity and specificity.…”