The levels and core delivery ways of gut microbial reconstruction

Abstract

Emerging studies have highlighted the importance of gut microbiota (also called microbiome or microecology) for human health and diseases in recent years. There are increasing clinical evidences on the treatment of diseases by microbial reconstruction, which further promotes the revolutionary development in the field of medicine and life science. Here we aim to elaborate the latest progress of the levels (washed microbiota transplantation, selective microbiota transplantation and probiotics) and core delivery ways of gut microbial reconstruction, the understanding on the holistic integrative relationship between gut microbiota and human, the ethical and legal issues of microbiota-related technologies, and the future direction. This review would help researchers and practitioners to understand and use gut microbiota for diseases management.

Donors' experiences and attitudes of fecal microbiota transplantation: An empirical bioethics study from China

“…At present, the legal status of human microbiota in China has yet to be determined. Some scholars [28] pointed out that the nature of gut microbiota is similar to human organs, tissues, cells, and genes, thus should be considered as a special article under civil law, and its legal status is between property and personal attributes, which should be subject to special regulation under life and health jurisdictions. In the United States, The FDA classifies stool for use in FMT as a biological product and a drug under traditional statutory definitions.…”