The Level-Efficiency Theory of Intelligence

Babcock, Harriet

doi:10.1080/00223980.1941.9917034

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Second, homogeneous subscales measure the intra-personal organization of functions which are directly and intimately related to dynamic personality traits. The discrepancies between scores within each individual record are of great diagnostic importance (4,5,8,16,17,23,26,28,29,30,31,34).…”

Section: Fourfold Analysis Of Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wells (35) was the first one to use it in a systematic manner for purposes of measuring the variability of mental patients. Babcock (3,4) has elaborated the relationship between vocabulary and other tests into her well-known "level-efficiency" theory. The vocabulary test, being uninfluenced by mental disorganization, serves as an index of native capacity, while the highly sensitive efficiency tests, being reduced by mental disturbances, serve as measures of sanity.…”

Section: Vocabulary Scattermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Babcock (3,4) has advanced psychometric theory by adding the efficiency dimension to the intelligence quotient. This extension of the usefulness of tests is valuable but it does not go far enough.…”

Section: Vocabulary Scattermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It supplies several stable and important reference points that are clinically meaningful. 4. It shows that one sub-test may belong to two or more clusters and that such tests should be used in the appraisal of more than one trait.…”

Section: Cluster Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Problems of psychometric scatter analysis.

Jastak¹

1949

Psychological Bulletin

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Section: Fourfold Analysis Of Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vocabulary Scattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vocabulary Scattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cluster Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Problems of psychometric scatter analysis.

Jastak¹

1949

Psychological Bulletin

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“…Babcock (13), utilizing the hypothesis "the first law of mental deterioration is that the oldest learning is last to be lost," developed a test whereby intellectual level is estimated from vocabulary and performance on other tests contrasted with it for level. A discussion of this hypothesis is to be found in her book and articles (9,10,11). Additional evidence is to be found in Gilbert's work with the Babcock-Levy tests (45,47).…”

Section: Mental Efficiency and Mental Deteriorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chapter IV: Intellectual Changes during Maturity and Old Age

Lorge¹

1941

Review of Educational Research

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Predicting potential intelligence

Thorp

Mahrer

1959

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Veterans A~r n~n j~~r u~~~Hospital Denver, Colorado Many writers have stressed the usefulness of distinguishing between a measured intelligence test score and some higher score, which the S is presumed capable of obtaining. The hypothetical higher level of intellectual functioning has been described as intellectual altitude@), intellectual potentiality (*), available intelligence@), intelligence level as distinguished from the functioning intellect (19 21, potential intelligen~e(~, 9), intellectual capacitycs), usable intelligence (4), and other terms acknowledging this distinction. These terms may be grouped together as referring to a global concept of "potential intelligence" as distinguished from measured intelligence. PROBLEMMany techniques have been proposed to estimate a potential intelligence score from the profile of subtest scores on the Wechsler-Bellevue (W-B) test. Recently, a method has been proposed as a useful measure of potential intelligence, yielding a "potential I& score", and described elsewhere('). Briefly, after the standard administration of the W-B, the S is asked to give a number of additional answers to those questions in which he did not obtain full credit. A potential I& score is then calculated based on the highest credit for each item regardless of whether the highest credit answer was given on the standard administration or on the additional testing. This method elicits answers that are said to be "potential," but which have not been elicited during the standard administration. This potential I& method, however, has been found to be wearing and laborious. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the degree of relationship between the potential I& score and each of four scores, derived from commonly used and less laborious techniques of estimating intellectual potential. METHOD Our subjects were 60 neuropsychiatric pat#ients admitted consecutively to the Clinical Psychology Service of Fitzsimons Army Hospital, exclusive of military prisoners, children, and emergency cases. The mean W-B I& of this sample was 100.56 with a S.D. of 15.43. Fifty-one patients were male and nine female. Fiftythree were inpatients and seven outpatients. The ages ranged from 17 to 47 with a mean age of 24.18 years and a S.D. of 5.90 years.Each S was first given the standard W-B administration on five verbal subtests: Information, Comprehension, Arithmetic, Similarities, and Vocabulary. Immediately following the standard administration of the W-B, the Ss were readministered the test according to the potential I& method. This procedure yielded a standard W-B I& and a potential I& score for each S. Four techniques, felt to be commonly used in clinical settings, were used to predict the potential I& scores from the subtests of the standard W-B administration:1. The variance was computed for the distribution of the five subtest scaled scores from each S's standard W-B protocol and used as an index of intersubtest variability. Variability is common1 used as an indication of deviation in intellectual pe...

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The Level-Efficiency Theory of Intelligence

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Problems of psychometric scatter analysis.

Problems of psychometric scatter analysis.

Chapter IV: Intellectual Changes during Maturity and Old Age

Predicting potential intelligence

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