The lesser of two evils? Sexual homicide as an “hybrid” offense

Beauregard, Éric; Chopin, Julien

doi:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2020.101722

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A hybrid offense refers to a crime that has been produced by the combination of two or more distinct offense elements ( Beauregard & Chopin, 2020 ). As such, the term “hybrid” reflects the nature of the offense—not necessarily the offender’s motivations.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although several advancements to the expertise literature have been made through an examination of burglary (see Nee, 2015 for a review), and more recently in sexual offending (Bourke et al, 2012;Chopin et al, 2021), more complex crimes such as those that combine two specific types of offenses (i.e., a hybrid offense) have been largely overlooked in both the criminal expertise literature and in criminological studies more generally (Beauregard & Chopin, 2020). In the first study of criminal expertise on hybrid offenders, Reale et al (in press) showed that the crime-commission process of sexual burglary (i.e., break-and entering, theft, and sexual assault offense) involved more "domain-specific" expertise in detection avoidance, compared with sexual robbery (i.e., personal theft and sexual assault offense), but also found similar skills related to target appraisal between these two offenses, suggesting these offenses may also share an "overlapping expertise" or "transferable" expertise (Nee et al, 2019) related to violent offending.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…As a result, there is little insight into variations in offense-related competencies within the sexual robbery domain, which may also shed light on primary motivations (i.e., sexual or theft). By examining two types of hybrid crimes, we, therefore, sought to contribute not just to the criminal expertise literature but also address the need for more criminological research that focuses on these complex crimes ( Beauregard & Chopin, 2020 ). Accordingly, the present study seeks to explore latent subgroups of criminal expertise in both sexual burglary and sexual robbery.…”

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Expert Versus Novice: Criminal Expertise in Sexual Burglary and Sexual Robbery

2021

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Although there has been considerable variation in the application of expertise to offending populations, one aspect that is widely agreed upon is that expertise is best represented on a continuum from novice to expert. The present study, therefore, investigated criminal expertise in 877 hybrid offenses that involve sexual assault and robbery (i.e., sexual robbery) or burglary (i.e., sexual burglary). Specifically, we analyzed the crime-commission processes of both these offenses using latent class analyses to determine the heterogeneity of criminal expertise among each domain. Results showed an expert to novice continuum in both domains, including a “domain-specific” expert sexual burglary subgroup who was characterized by a high degree of offense-related competencies relevant to sexual burglary. We also found an expert subgroup in sexual robbery who had more general skills (i.e., overlapping expertise) relevant to violent offending. Implications for offender decision-making, treatment, and practice are discussed.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expert Versus Novice: Criminal Expertise in Sexual Burglary and Sexual Robbery

2021

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“…A hybrid offense refers to the literal definition of the term, meaning something that has been produced by the combination of two or more distinct elements ( Beauregard & Chopin, 2020 ). Thus, the term “hybrid” reflects the nature of the offense—and not is not necessarily related to the person’s motivation—though we do discuss the possibility of inferring whether the primary motivation is sexual or not in our discussion.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminal Expertise and Sexual Violence: Comparing the Crime-Commission Process Involved in Sexual Burglary and Sexual Robbery

Reale

Beauregard

Chopin

2021

Criminal Justice and Behavior

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Criminal expertise relates to the notion that some individuals may develop domain-specific offending skills that differentiate them from those with less skills or experience (i.e., novices). In the expertise literature, burglary has emerged as a distinct type of “expert” offense, therefore the current study sought to determine whether criminal expertise is more evident in the crime-commission process of sexual burglary compared to sexual robbery. We used binary logistic regression to compare the pre-crime, crime, and post-crime behaviors of 870 cases of hybrid sexual assault that occurred during the commission of either a burglary ( N = 319) (or) robbery ( N = 479), both of which involved personal theft from a stranger victim. Findings suggest that the crime commission process of sexual burglary involves a more sophisticated modus operandi and greater expertise in detection avoidance (e.g., strategies to protect their identity and destroying and removing evidence) compared to sexual robbery.

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“…Thus, "hybrid" offenses (i.e. offenses that involve two distinct elements; Beauregard and Chopin, 2020) may allow for a broader range of behavioral indicators of expertise to be observed across the continuum of novice to expert. On one hand, they can capture specialized skillsets and domain-specific experts, and on the other hand, they can capture more general or overlapping skills that have utility across similar style domains.…”

Section: Conceptualizing Criminal Expertise In Sexual Offendingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of criminal expertise in serial sexual offending: a comparison to “novices”

Reale

Beauregard

Chopin

2021

JCP

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Purpose Serial offenders have been described as more forensically aware, better able to control their victim, and ultimately, more adept at eluding detection. Despite these assertions, there is a lack of research examining differences in “criminal expertise” (i.e. offense-related skills and competencies) between serial and non-serial offenders. The purpose of the current study is to address this empirical research gap. Design/methodology/approach The current study uses binary logistic regression to examine a sample of 83 serial offenses and 322 offenses involving “novices” (i.e. offenders without a previous criminal history) to determine whether criminal expertise is a distinctive feature of the crime-commission process of serial offenders, compared to novices. Findings Binary logistic regression findings indicated that offenders who did not verbally reassure their victim, who brought a weapon to the offense and who selected a victim who was walking were more likely to be serial. Taken together, these behaviors do not suggest that serial offenders are “experts” at avoiding detection, but rather, indicate some general offense competencies and skills related to violent offending. Originality/value The current study offers the first direct application of the criminal expertise framework to serial sexual offending. The findings offer new insights for the treatment and management of offenders who possess offense-related competencies and skills, which can offer a complementary view to more deficit-based models.

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The lesser of two evils? Sexual homicide as an “hybrid” offense

Cited by 6 publications

References 34 publications

Expert Versus Novice: Criminal Expertise in Sexual Burglary and Sexual Robbery

Expert Versus Novice: Criminal Expertise in Sexual Burglary and Sexual Robbery

Criminal Expertise and Sexual Violence: Comparing the Crime-Commission Process Involved in Sexual Burglary and Sexual Robbery

The role of criminal expertise in serial sexual offending: a comparison to “novices”

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