The Latin America and Caribbean HAB status report based on OBIS and HAEDAT maps and databases

Sunesen, Inés; Méndez, Silvia M.; Mancera‐Pineda, José Ernesto; Bottein, Marie‐Yasmine Dechraoui; Enevoldsen, Henrik

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2020.101920

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…Aquacultured finfish mortalities caused by the taxonomically unrelated microalgal genera Chattonella, Pseudochattonella, Heterosigma, Karenia, Karlodinium, Margalefidinium (Cochlodinium) and Prymnesium/ Chrysochromulina globally account for much greater economic damage than HABs contaminating seafood 39 . While most shellfish toxins have now been well characterised and are effectively monitored and regulated, finfish held captive in intensive aquaculture operations continue to be vulnerable to HABs (USD71M loss in Japan in 1972, USD70M in Korea in 1995, USD290M in China in 2012, USD100M in Norway in 2019 [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] ), even though the causative ichthyotoxins usually are of no human health significance. The 2016 Chilean salmon mortality that caused a record USD800M loss led to major social unrest 40 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each region was assigned a regional editorial team tasked with collating information on HAB species occurrences and impacts, with the data and interpretations published in a special issue of the journal Harmful Algae (vol. 102, February 2021) [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] . As more sampling could lead to more observations of HABs, we estimated sampling effort using OBIS, the most comprehensive dataset on marine species records, as a proxy for sampling effort.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perceived global increase in algal blooms is attributable to intensified monitoring and emerging bloom impacts

Hallegraeff

Anderson

Belin

et al. 2021

Commun Earth Environ

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244

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Global trends in the occurrence, toxicity and risk posed by harmful algal blooms to natural systems, human health and coastal economies are poorly constrained, but are widely thought to be increasing due to climate change and nutrient pollution. Here, we conduct a statistical analysis on a global dataset extracted from the Harmful Algae Event Database and Ocean Biodiversity Information System for the period 1985–2018 to investigate temporal trends in the frequency and distribution of marine harmful algal blooms. We find no uniform global trend in the number of harmful algal events and their distribution over time, once data were adjusted for regional variations in monitoring effort. Varying and contrasting regional trends were driven by differences in bloom species, type and emergent impacts. Our findings suggest that intensified monitoring efforts associated with increased aquaculture production are responsible for the perceived increase in harmful algae events and that there is no empirical support for broad statements regarding increasing global trends. Instead, trends need to be considered regionally and at the species level.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived global increase in algal blooms is attributable to intensified monitoring and emerging bloom impacts

Hallegraeff

Anderson

Belin

et al. 2021

Commun Earth Environ

Self Cite

244

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“…Occurrence of keywords belonging to the ‘open data sources’ group combined to ‘ciguatera’ was extensively searched, but no studies were found containing ‘open data’, ‘public data’ and ‘open source’, whereas only one publication (a Master’s thesis) included the term ‘big data’ [ 50 ]. On the other hand, searching specifically for ‘database’, after exclusion of instances related to literature/journal databases, resulted in 28 publications containing at least one reference to a data source compliant to the ‘open data sources’ concept of the present work [ 11 , 14 , 36 , 37 , 40 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ]. Another relevant term encountered in a semantic fitting the concept was ‘dataset’ [ 67 , 68 ], a term frequently used interchangeably to ‘database’ [ 69 ], while the more general term ‘data’ was the only one present in other works containing records of CFP incidents derived from public databases [ 39 , 70 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidently though, the terms ‘open data’ ‘public data’, ‘open source’ and ‘big data’, commonly used in relevant social sciences’ research, are practically unknown to authors involved in this field. On the other hand, ‘database’ was the most frequently used term to describe such information sources, with some articles specifically referring to databases as ‘public’ [ 33 , 55 , 56 ], ‘web-based’ [ 34 ], ‘online’ [ 59 ], ‘internet’ [ 60 ], ‘electronic’ [ 61 ] or ‘open access’ [ 65 ], whereas ‘online data’ was also used in one case [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Technologies and Open Data Sources in Marine Biotoxins’ Risk Analysis: The Case of Ciguatera Fish Poisoning

Katikou¹

2021

Toxins

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Currently, digital technologies influence information dissemination in all business sectors, with great emphasis put on exploitation strategies. Public administrations often use information systems and establish open data repositories, primarily supporting their operation but also serving as data providers, facilitating decision-making. As such, risk analysis in the public health sector, including food safety authorities, often relies on digital technologies and open data sources. Global food safety challenges include marine biotoxins (MBs), being contaminants whose mitigation largely depends on risk analysis. Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP), in particular, is a MB-related seafood intoxication attributed to the consumption of fish species that are prone to accumulate ciguatoxins. Historically, CFP occurred endemically in tropical/subtropical areas, but has gradually emerged in temperate regions, including European waters, necessitating official policy adoption to manage the potential risks. Researchers and policy-makers highlight scientific data inadequacy, under-reporting of outbreaks and information source fragmentation as major obstacles in developing CFP mitigation strategies. Although digital technologies and open data sources provide exploitable scientific information for MB risk analysis, their utilization in counteracting CFP-related hazards has not been addressed to date. This work thus attempts to answer the question, “What is the current extent of digital technologies’ and open data sources’ utilization within risk analysis tasks in the MBs field, particularly on CFP?”, by conducting a systematic literature review of the available scientific and grey literature. Results indicate that the use of digital technologies and open data sources in CFP is not negligible. However, certain gaps are identified regarding discrepancies in terminology, source fragmentation and a redundancy and downplay of social media utilization, in turn constituting a future research agenda for this under-researched topic.

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“…In South America, the mortality of seabirds (penguins, seagulls, terns, cormorants, ducks, grebes) has been observed along the Buenos Aires, Patagonian, and Beagle Channel coasts, often related to A. tamarense/catenella blooms [ 81 ]. Furthermore, the A. catenella bloom in 2016 in the Pacific Chilean coast triggered massive mortalities in invertebrates, mammals and birds [ 43 , 82 ] (and references therein). Recently, Pitcher et al [ 83 ] summarized that PSTs have also been related with seabird mortalities in South Africa [ 84 ].…”

Section: Vectors Involved In Asts and Psts Toxins Transmission To Seabirdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paralytic and Amnesic Shellfish Toxins Impacts on Seabirds, Analyses and Management

Ben-Gigirey

Soliño

Bravo

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Marine biotoxins have been frequently implicated in morbidity and mortality events in numerous species of birds worldwide. Nevertheless, their effects on seabirds have often been overlooked and the associated ecological impact has not been extensively studied. On top of that, the number of published studies confirming by analyses the presence of marine biotoxins from harmful algal blooms (HABs) in seabirds, although having increased in recent years, is still quite low. This review compiles information on studies evidencing the impact of HAB toxins on marine birds, with a special focus on the effects of paralytic and amnesic shellfish toxins (PSTs and ASTs). It is mainly centered on studies in which the presence of PSTs and/or ASTs in seabird samples was demonstrated through analyses. The analytical techniques commonly employed, the tissues selected and the adjustments done in protocols for processing seabird matrixes are summarized. Other topics covered include the role of different vectors in the seabird intoxications, information on clinical signs in birds affected by PSTs and ASTs, and multifactorial causes which could aggravate the syndromes. Close collaboration between seabird experts and marine biotoxins researchers is needed to identify and report the potential involvement of HABs and their toxins in the mortality events. Future studies on the PSTs and ASTs pharmacodynamics, together with the establishment of lethal doses in various seabird species, are also necessary. These studies would aid in the selection of the target organs for toxins analyses and in the postmortem intoxication diagnoses.

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The Latin America and Caribbean HAB status report based on OBIS and HAEDAT maps and databases

Cited by 31 publications

References 158 publications

Perceived global increase in algal blooms is attributable to intensified monitoring and emerging bloom impacts

Perceived global increase in algal blooms is attributable to intensified monitoring and emerging bloom impacts

Digital Technologies and Open Data Sources in Marine Biotoxins’ Risk Analysis: The Case of Ciguatera Fish Poisoning

Paralytic and Amnesic Shellfish Toxins Impacts on Seabirds, Analyses and Management

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