The latex capacity of opium poppy capsules is fixed early in capsule development and is not a major determinant in morphine yield

Harvest, Tma; Brown, PH; Fist, A. J.; Gracie, AJ; Gregory, Denise; Koutoulis, Anthony

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2008.00289.x

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In most fields, poppy crop growth is spatially highly heterogeneous and requires a substantial amount of data collection to develop models for yield estimation [45]. Several studies have highlighted this phenomenon based on field observation of poppy crops grown under controlled conditions [43,45,[48][49][50]. Few studies have used remote sensing technologies for poppy yield estimation [7,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Poppy Crop Height and Capsule Volume Estimation from a Single UAS Flight

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The objective of this study was to estimate poppy plant height and capsule volume with remote sensing using an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS). Data were obtained from field measurements and UAS flights over two poppy crops at Cambridge and Cressy in Tasmania. Imagery acquired from the UAS was used to produce dense point clouds using structure from motion (SfM) and multi-view stereopsis (MVS) techniques. Dense point clouds were used to generate a digital surface model (DSM) and orthophoto mosaic. An RGB index was derived from the orthophoto to extract the bare ground spaces. This bare ground space mask was used to filter the points on the ground, and a digital terrain model (DTM) was interpolated from these points. Plant height values were estimated by subtracting the DSM and DTM to generate a Crop Height Model (CHM). UAS-derived plant height (PH) and field measured PH in Cambridge were strongly correlated with R 2 values ranging from 0.93 to 0.97 for Transect 1 and Transect 2, respectively, while at Cressy results from a single flight provided R 2 of 0.97. Therefore, the proposed method can be considered an important step towards crop surface model (CSM) generation from a single UAS flight in situations where a bare ground DTM is unavailable. High correlations were found between UAS-derived PH and poppy capsule volume (CV) at capsule formation stage (R 2 0.74), with relative error of 19.62%. Results illustrate that plant height can be reliably estimated for poppy crops based on a single UAS flight and can be used to predict opium capsule volume at capsule formation stage.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In earlier studies, different physiological indicators, such as plant height, have been assessed to predict opium yield [20,21,[43][44][45][46][47][48]. Spectral indices have been reported to estimate capsule volume and showed a significant correlation between NDVI and capsule volume from flowering till harvesting stage [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poppy Crop Height and Capsule Volume Estimation from a Single UAS Flight

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sristava and Sharma (1987) and Singh et al (2003) confirm this with results on certain selected characteristics (Tables 2-4). Harvest et al (2009) demonstrated that morphine content correlated with capsule mass and total latex mass, but there was no similar correlation between latex capacity and morphine yield. Studies of genetic character are significant from the longterm perspective (for example Kumar and Patra, 2010).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Selected Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Cultivars: Industrial Aspect

Skalický¹,

Hejnák²,

Novák³

et al. 2014

Turkish Journal of Field Crops

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fifty-six genotypes (usually cultivars) of various origins, from twelve countries, were analysed for morphine production and significant characteristics of the capsule. The Saaty's method was used to analyse the aspect of morphine production and significant characteristics of the capsule, comparing those values representing significant indicators for that production and the content of morphine in poppy straw. This covered the relation to ideotype ('ideotype cultivar') of poppy, with 100% values in the monitored indicators. In the case of white-seed poppies, generally with a lower content of morphine, in three cultivars (´Pulawski bialy´, ´Bělosemenný´, ´Bulharský slepák bílý´) the value of the industrial indicator was determine over 50% and the content of morphine over 0.50% in the poppy straw. In the set of blue-seed cultivars with three production levels, four cultivars were found with values exceeding 80% of the industrial indicator and morphine in poppy straw over 0.90%. In the set of grey-seed cultivars, four production levels were identified based on the values of morphine and the industrial indicator, while the first two showed good values for production -at least 0.52% of morphine in poppy straw and 50% of the industrial indicator (for example ´Soproni tef´, ´Šarišský´).

show abstract

“…Whereat, provable correlations were not found in the content of morphine in the capsule wall and the seed colour. Positive correlations were proved and confirmed between morphine content and the size of capsule (Yadav et al 2004), further between the morphine content and weight of one thousand seeds (Harvest et al 2009). Other morphological features with a certain effect on morphine production are the weight of the deseeded capsule, plant height etc.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of morphine and variability of significant characters of Papaver somniferum L.

Matyášová¹,

Novák²,

Stranska³

et al. 2011

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

423The decisive factor of those that affect production and accumulation of pharmaceutically important alkaloid morphine (and other alkaloids) by Papaver somniferum L. is the cultivar with genetic fixation of alkaloid biosynthesis which is explain by Balážová and Pšenák (1998); the cultivar is therefore a limiting factor for economically beneficial harvest of this poppy product. Significant is the combination of efficiency of the cultivar and a climatically favourable vegetation period. It generally applies, that a warm vegetation period acts negatively on the formation of lipids due to negative correlation between lipid and protein contents with a subsequent increase of content of proteins -morphine precursors. A low effect on the morphine content in the plant is that of soil conditions and agricultural technology. A drop of morphine content can be caused by diseases (especially fungal diseases), attack by plant pests and the effect of other unfavourable factors. There is for example water stress in germination (Mahdavi-Damghani et al. 2010) or influence of heavy metals (Lachman et al. 2006). In an effort to increase the plant efficiency, the influence of nitrogenous fertilization, application of morphologic regulators, fungicides, seed calibration etc. is checked. The main goal in Europe in the long run was to breed poppy of universal type, i.e. with high seed yield of suitable (usually blue) colour and concurrently with high morphine content in Production of morphine and variability of significant characters of Papaver somniferum L. ABSTRACTOpium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) is currently an important agricultural commodity, with the product being used in the food industry (seed) as well as in the pharmaceutical industry (morphine and other alkaloids). Intensive production of poppy leads to a specific direction of breeding with the aim to obtain highly productive cultivars of the so-called food industry or industrial type. The paper evaluates 57 genetic resources (mostly cultivars), comparing the groups of values representing the indicators of production-significant morphologic and agricultural characters (capsule size; morphine content in poppy straw; weight of dry, empty capsule) and content of morphine in the poppy straw, in relation to the ideotype of poppy, which in these indicators represents 100% of the value. On average lower values in the above indicators were achieved by cultivars with white-coloured seed, including morphine content; concrete data are specified in three cultivars with morphine content in the poppy straw above 0.40%. In blue-seed to grey-seed cultivars, except for the high-morphine cultivar Buddha (1.85% of morphine), we found only six materials with a minimum morphine content of 0.8% in the poppy straw (maximum of 0.92%). These genetic resources also achieved very good values in the morphological indicator and average value in the economic indicator. The results will be used in the selection and classification of suitable genetic resources of poppy in breeding of industrial forms.

show abstract

The latex capacity of opium poppy capsules is fixed early in capsule development and is not a major determinant in morphine yield

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Poppy Crop Height and Capsule Volume Estimation from a Single UAS Flight

Poppy Crop Height and Capsule Volume Estimation from a Single UAS Flight

Evaluation of Selected Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Cultivars: Industrial Aspect

Production of morphine and variability of significant characters of Papaver somniferum L.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About