The latest open-source video codec VP9 - An overview and preliminary results

Mukherjee, Debargha; Bankoski, Jim; Grange, Adrian; Han, Jingning; Koleszar, John; Wilkins, Paul; Xu, Yaowu; Bultje, Ronald S.

doi:10.1109/pcs.2013.6737765

Cited by 190 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Although we used different encoders, different parameters (i.e., quality control parameters for VP9), and different metric PSNR Y , the results comparing HEVC to VP9 correspond to findings of [3], where authors claim 32.5% bit rate savings in favor of HEVC. In other studies [3], [4], [6], authors used random access encoders configuration, and therefore mutual comparison of our results to those works is irrelevant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In [3], the authors claim that VP9 is inferior to both AVC and HEVC and demonstrate that HEVC provides average bit rate savings of 43.3% compared to VP9. However, a different study [4] comes to a different conclusion, with VP9 showing similar compression efficiency when compared to HEVC and a significantly higher compression efficiency when compared to AVC. Such conflicting conclusions are mainly caused by different usage scenarios assumed in the papers and by different encoding configurations used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…It should be noted that the comparison of different codecs in a fair and unbiased manner is very hard, especially because of many differences in their actual implementations [4]. Nevertheless, since the development of the first video compression standards, two main coding configurations have been considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quality evaluation of HEVC and VP9 video compression in real-time applications

Řeřábek

Hanhart

Korshunov

et al. 2015

2015 Seventh International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)

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Abstract-Video consumption over Internet has increased significantly over the recent years and occupies the majority of the overall data traffic. To decrease the load on the Internet infrastructure and reduce bandwidth taken by video, higher efficiency video codecs, such as H.265/HEVC and VP9, have been developed. The availability of these two new competing video coding formats raises the question of which is more efficient in terms of rate-distortion and by how much they outperform the current state-of-the-art coding standard, H.264/AVC. This paper provides an answer to this difficult question for low-delay video applications, e.g., real-time video streaming/conferencing or video surveillance. The benchmarking of HEVC and VP9 video compression was conducted by means of subjective evaluations, assuming web browser playback, an uncontrolled environment, and HD video content. Considering a wide range of bit rates from very low to high bit rates, corresponding to low quality up to transparent quality (when compared to the original video), results show a clear advantage of HEVC with average bit rate savings of 59.5% when compared to AVC and 42.4% when compared to VP9.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Quality evaluation of HEVC and VP9 video compression in real-time applications

Řeřábek

Hanhart

Korshunov

et al. 2015

2015 Seventh International Workshop on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most studies relied on objective metrics to measure and compare the compression efficiency of HEVC and VP9, yet conflicting results have been reported. In [2] VP9 was claimed to be inferior to HEVC/H.265 by different statistics, whereas [3] revealed a similar performance between the two. To benchmark the performance of HEVC/H.265 and VP9, both objective and subjective assessments have been carried out in [4] and [5], with bitrates ranging from low to high corresponding to very low up to transparent video quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Comparison of Compression Efficiency between HEVC/H.265, VP9 and AV1 based on Subjective Quality Assessments

Akyazi

Ebrahimi

2018

2018 Tenth International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)

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Abstract-The growing requirements for broadcasting and streaming of high quality video continue to trigger demands for codecs with higher compression efficiency. AV1 is the most recent open and royalty free video coding specification developed by Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia) with a declared ambition of becoming the most popular next generation video coding standard. Primary alternatives to AV1 are the VP9 and the HEVC/H.265 which are currently among the most popular and widespread video codecs used in applications. VP9 is also a royalty free and open specification similar to AV1, while HEVC/H.265 requires specific licensing terms for its use in commercial products and services. In this paper, we compare AV1 to VP9 and HEVC/H.265 from rate distortion point of view in a broadcasting use case scenario. Mutual comparison is performed by means of subjective evaluations carried out in a controlled environment using HD video content with typical bitrates ranging from low to high, corresponding to very low up to completely transparent quality. We then proceed with an in-depth analysis of advantages and drawbacks of each codec for specific types of content and compare the subjective comparisons and conclusions to those obtained by others in the state of the art as well to those measured by means of objective metrics such as PSNR.

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“…For video we consider only lossy standards, namely: the royalty free VP9 (Mukherjee et al, 2013), and the recent HEVC (Sullivan et al, 2012). Additional details and parameters used are outlined in Appendix A.…”

Section: Employed Image and Video Codecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of image compression in plant phenotyping applications

Minervini

Scharr

Tsaftaris

2015

Functional Plant Biol.

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We currently witness an increasingly higher throughput in image-based plant phenotyping experiments. The majority of imaging data are collected based on complex automated procedures, and are then post-processed to extract phenotyping related information. In this article we show that image compression used in such procedures may compromise phenotyping results and needs to be taken into account. We motivate the paper with three illuminating proof of concept experiments which demonstrate that compression (especially in its most common lossy form of JPEG) does affect measurements of plant traits and errors introduced can be high. We further systematically explore how compression affects measurement fidelity, quantified as effects on image quality as well as errors in extracted plant visual traits. To do so we evaluate a variety of image-based phenotyping scenarios, including size and color of shoots, leaf and root growth. To show that even visual impression can be used to assess compression effects we use root system images as examples. Overall, we find that compression has a considerable effect on several types of analyses (albeit visual or quantitative) and that proper care is necessary to ensure that such choice does not affect biological findings. In order to avoid or at least minimize introduced measurement errors, for each scenario we derive recommendations and provide guidelines on how to identify suitable compression options in practice. We also find that certain compression choices can offer beneficial returns, in terms of reducing the amount of data storage without compromising phenotyping results. This may enable even higher throughput experiments in the future.

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The latest open-source video codec VP9 - An overview and preliminary results

Cited by 190 publications

References 2 publications

Quality evaluation of HEVC and VP9 video compression in real-time applications

Quality evaluation of HEVC and VP9 video compression in real-time applications

Comparison of Compression Efficiency between HEVC/H.265, VP9 and AV1 based on Subjective Quality Assessments

The significance of image compression in plant phenotyping applications

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