The Latest Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia

Hafiz, Rehab; Alajlani, Lama; Ali, Albatool; Algarni, Ghadah A; Aljurfi, Hassan; Alammar, Omar Abdullah M; Ashqan, Maria Y; Alkhashan, Alanoud

doi:10.7759/cureus.50522

Cited by 3 publications

References 85 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Whether and how to store firearms in the home: Qualitative insights from care partner experiences in the Safety in Dementia Trial

Knoepke,

Meza,

Portz

et al. 2024

J American Geriatrics Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMost people with dementia (PWD) in the United States live in community settings supported by family and/or unpaid care partners. Firearms access is one of many decisions care partners navigate alongside PWD in efforts to prevent injuries and deaths. Conversations about firearms access are socially challenging, although specific challenges to be overcome have not been described.MethodsAs part of the larger Safety in Dementia Trial, we interviewed care partners about their views and experiences regarding firearms access in the home where the PWD resides. Interviewees were English‐speaking adults (≥18 years) in the United States who are unpaid care partners of community‐dwelling PWD. Responses to interview discussions related to (1) a desire for safety, and (2) fear of firearm violence was analyzed using a focusing process to categorize views into essential themes.ResultsFifty care partners, who were primarily female (58%), White (66%), adult children (56%), and living in the same household (64%), participated in interviews between February 2023–February 2024. Dominant themes emerging from the focusing technique included (1) firearms as a necessary component of home safety; (2) fear of accidental/impulsive firearm violence; (3) observed risk and “near misses”; and (4) differing views on home firearms as a source of conflict. Thematic descriptions did not differ according to care partner's relationship to the PWD (adult child, spouse, other).ConclusionsConsidering whether and how to alter access to firearms where PWD reside can be difficult for care partners to navigate. Care partners expressed a desire to limit firearms access, but worried both about creating conflict with the PWD and the self‐defense implications of making firearms inaccessible. Findings were similar across subsets of care partners indicating that standardized tools and messaging to care partners may be effective in promoting safety in homes with PWD.

show abstract

Whether and how to store firearms in the home: Qualitative insights from care partner experiences in the Safety in Dementia Trial

Knoepke,

Meza,

Portz

et al. 2024

J American Geriatrics Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Exploring the Causal Relationships Between Brain Functional Networks and Psychiatric Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Approach

Xi,

Sun,

Sun

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Numerous studies have reported brain functional network impairments in individuals with psychiatric disorders; however, the causal relationships between the two remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the potential causal relationships between resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) phenotypes and psychiatric disorders via Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Method: Employing a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis approach, this study assessed the associations between 191 rsfMRI phenotypes and 9 psychiatric disorders. Genetic variations were utilized as instrumental variables, ensuring the minimization of confounding factors in accordance with Mendel's laws of inheritance. Causal inferences were drawn by selecting genetic variants that were directly associated with the exposure variables and excluding those that might influence outcomes via alternative pathways. The study employed various statistical methods, including inverse variance weighting, the weighted median, and the MR Egger method, to evaluate causal relationships and adjusted for false discovery rates among outcomes. Results: The study identified significant causal associations between 21 rsfMRI phenotypes and five psychiatric disorders. For instance, in anxiety disorders, increased neural activity intensity in the parietal, frontal, and temporal lobes, along with enhanced functional connectivity between the attention, central executive, and default mode networks, are significantly associated with an increased risk of anxiety disorders. With respect to dementia, increased activity in the frontal lobe region was associated with a higher risk of dementia, and increased functional connectivity between the salience network and the central executive network was also linked to an increased risk of dementia. Conclusion: The findings of this study support the causal relationships between rsfMRI and psychiatric disorders, offering new insights for future prevention and treatment strategies.

show abstract

Dementia Knowledge Among Primary Healthcare Physicians in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Alsalem,

Alghathber,

Alowain

et al. 2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Dementia poses a significant healthcare challenge globally, and healthcare providers must have adequate knowledge about its diagnosis, management, and support services. By assessing the knowledge level of primary care physicians in Riyadh, we can identify potential gaps and areas for improvement in dementia care, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. This study holds promise in shedding light on the current state of dementia knowledge among primary healthcare physicians in Riyadh and offering insights into strategies to enhance dementia care in this region. Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted from the first of June 2023 to the end of December 2023 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A validated questionnaire was used to assess physicians’ knowledge, attitude, and practice toward dementia. Results: A total of 151 physicians completed the questionnaires. The majority were male (55%), below 30 years of age (88.1%), and family medicine residents (84.8%). Most (74.8%) recognized old age as the most significant risk factor; an overwhelming majority of participants (98.7%) could not identify the minimum course of treatment to judge a medication’s effectiveness. The average score of correct responses (7.74 ∓ 4.11) was equivalent to 38.7%. Furthermore, the average correct responses were significantly different among the different job levels of the participants. Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight a lack of knowledge among primary care physicians regarding dementia, emphasizing the crucial importance of physician education in this area. Additionally, the results strongly indicate the need for emphasis on dementia education within the undergraduate medical curriculum, family medicine curriculum, and physician training programs. By addressing these educational gaps, we can better equip physicians to provide optimal care and support for individuals with dementia, ultimately improving patient care and quality of life.

show abstract

The Latest Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia

Cited by 3 publications

References 85 publications

Whether and how to store firearms in the home: Qualitative insights from care partner experiences in the Safety in Dementia Trial

Whether and how to store firearms in the home: Qualitative insights from care partner experiences in the Safety in Dementia Trial

Exploring the Causal Relationships Between Brain Functional Networks and Psychiatric Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Approach

Dementia Knowledge Among Primary Healthcare Physicians in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About