The lateritic profile of Balkouin, Burkina Faso: Geochemistry, mineralogy and genesis

Giorgis, Ilaria; Bonetto, Sabrina Maria Rita; Giustetto, Roberto; Lawane, Abdou; Pantet, Anne; Rossetti, Piergiorgio; Thomassin, Jean Hugues; Vinai, Raffaele

doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2013.11.006

Cited by 40 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The parent rock material was found to have a significant impact on the formation of laterite (Thorne et al, 2012 andKo, 2014). A recent finding by Giorgis et al, (2014) utilises Rare Earth Element (REE) patterns measured in a set of laterite horizons, which closely match that of the underlying basement rocks. It was reported that, the shape of the chondrite normalized REE patterns of all lateritic horizons is virtually the same, thus implying a direct origin of the sequence from the underlying bedrock.…”

Section: Lateritic Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been so many arguments, criticism and learned discussion on the definitions of "laterite" and "lateritic soils" by different authors and workers giving different definitions in terms of its physical nature, chemistry, origin and morphology (Buchanan, 1807;Babington, 1821;Benza, 1836;Clark, 1838;Newbold, 1844 and1846;Prescott and Pendleton (1952) cited in Maignien, 1966). Gidigasu (1972) Giorgis et al, 2014) attempted to re-define laterite, by proposing a new definition and classification based on rock chemistry; basically on the Si/(Al + Fe) ratio in comparison to the chemical composition of the underlying parent rock. This was widely accepted, but later criticised strongly by several authors e.g., Ollier, (2002 and2003);Schellmann, (2003), where Bourman and Ollier proposed that the term ""laterite"" should have been abandoned.…”

Section: Lateritic Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of the use of lateritic soils in the construction/development of sustainable housing in Africa: A geological perspective

Oyelami

Rooy

2016

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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Highlights• Appraisal of the previous work in the use of tropical soils in low cost, energy efficient housing development.• It established CEBs as sustainable building materials for a sustainable environment.• Identification of lateritic soils as suitable material in the production of CEBs.• Established the importance of parent rock material (its type and mineralogy) in strength and durability of CEBs.• Discouraging the common practice of firing clay bricks for the sake of sustainable environment. AbstractLateritic soils have been described as highly weathered tropical or sub-tropical residual soils with varying proportions of particle sizes ranging from clay size to gravel, usually coated with sesquioxide rich concretions. It is sometimes referred to as brick earth based on its use. The use of laterite and lateritic soils have been found to promote the realization of decent housing and bridging the housing deficit, especially in Africa.The author has attempted to review available information on the recent trends in building bricks and housing development with the aim of identifying a suitable soil material that will meet the present challenge of sustaining the environment without costing too much and maintaining a high standard of strength, durability and aesthetics. A critical review of laterite and lateritic soils from a geological point of view indicated these soils to be one of the best natural materials used in the production of compressed earth bricks. Lateritic soils are mostly well graded, comprising both cohesive (silt and clay) and cohesionless (sands and gravels) soil fraction, it contains sesquioxides and clay minerals which are very useful in the natural binding process as well as in the presence of most chemical binders.Compressed earth bricks are mainly composed of raw earth materials (soil) with their cohesion due principally to the clay fraction present in both humid and dry states. CEB's promote building in a 'sustainable' way and offers a good prospect to using our resources in an efficient manner while creating dwellings that improve human health, well-being and preserving a better environment, with an affordable and natural alternative.

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Section: Lateritic Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lateritic Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the use of lateritic soils in the construction/development of sustainable housing in Africa: A geological perspective

Oyelami

Rooy

2016

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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“…The REE are virtually under the crustal average, and their contents are similar to those in the majority of bauxitic (Horbe & Costa 1999, Kotschoubey et al 2005 and granitoids (Du et al 2012, Giorgis et al 2014. These elements are more abundant in the bauxitic clay, with the sum of Rare Earth Elements (ΣREE) of 53.3 ppm, while the ΣREE in the bauxitic ferruginous crust is 33.7 ppm.…”

Section: Geochemistry and Mineralogymentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The Fe-Al substitution in FeOOH-AlOOH (goethite-diaspore) solid solution was determined according to Thiel's (1963) Anatase is a typical lateritic mineral (Costa et al 1991, Oliveira et al 2013, Giorgis et al 2014, also present in Piriá ridge deposit. So there was an attempt to make a more advanced morphological description of anatase crystals as they occur in laterites, despite the small size.…”

Section: Mineral and Morphological Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Piriá aluminous lateritic profile: mineralogy, geochemistry and parent rock

2016

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ABSTRACT:Relatively small aluminous lateritic deposits are abundant in the northeast and northwest parts of the Pará and Maranhão states, respectively. Most of them hosts aluminum phosphate mineralization forming hills and plateaus that stand out in the topography of the undulating plains of this region. The Piriá ridge is one of those topographic features, covered by lateritic iron crusts that have been studied in the 1970s as part of iron ore exploration campaigns and recently for phosphates prospection. This study improves the knowledge about the evolution of the lateritic Piriá deposit and demonstrates its relationship with the most evolved laterites of the Amazon, known as mature laterites, which formed major ore deposits during the Paleogene. Samples of a 17 meter-deep borehole were investigated through mineralogical (X-ray diffraction -XRD, optical and electron microscopy) and chemical methods (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry -ICP-MS, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry -ICP-OES and X-ray fluorescence -XRF). The studied lateritic profile comprises a clay bauxitic horizon overlaid by an aluminous iron crust. Upwardly continuous dissolution of kaolinite occurs with the formation of gibbsite, as the result of intensive leaching, resulting in a higher Al2O3 content in the crust. The continuous formation of hematite from goethite resulted from the transition to more arid conditions. Anatase is a newly formed mineral (100-400 nm crystallites), showing a gradual increase, following the increase in TiO2 content, which is high and indicative of a mafic parent rock, confirmed by the Ti × Zr dispersion pattern. Prominent zoning in the lateritic profile is characterized by the mineralization in bauxite and augelite and abrupt chemical transition between the horizons, marked by a decrease in Si and increase in Fe content from the bottom to the top of the profile. These features are compatible and indicative of mature laterites formed in Amazon during the Paleogene. KEYWORDS:Gurupi region; mature laterites; bauxite. RESUMO: Depósitos lateríticos de pequeno porte são frequentes no nordeste do Pará e noroeste do Maranhão. A maioria está mineralizada em fosfatos de alumínio e ocorre em morros e platôs, que se destacam na planície rebaixada dessa região. A Serra do Piriá é uma dessas feições, estando recoberta por couraças ferruginosas, alvo de explotação na década de 1970 e de recente prospecção de fosfatos. Este trabalho buscou aprofundar o conhecimento sobre a evolução laterítica do depósito Piriá e demonstrar sua compatibilidade com os lateritos mais evoluídos da Amazônia, conhecidos como maturos, os quais constituem grandes mineralizações formadas durante o paleógeno. Investigaram-se amostras de um furo de sondagem com 17 m de profundidade, por meio de análises mineralógicas (difração de raios x -DRX, microscopia ótica e eletrônica) e químicas (espectrometria de massa por plasma acoplado indutivamente -ICP-MS, espectrometria de emissão óptica com plasma indutivamente acoplado -ICP-OE...

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“…6a & b). According to the literature this can be considered suitable for construction (Houben and Guillaud 1994;Rigassi 1995;Jiménez Delgado and Guerrero 2007;Adeyemi and Wahab 2008;Oyediran and Okosun 2013;Giorgis et al 2014;Adeyemi et al 2015). The coarse particle (which corresponds to sand and gravel particle sizes, 0.06mm to 20mm) contents ranged between 50.3 -85.5% with the individual averages at 61.6% and 62.1% for the ADK and OS lateritic soils respectively.…”

Section: Sc-clayey Sand Sm-silty Sandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geotechnical characterisation of lateritic soils from south-western Nigeria as materials for cost-effective and energy-efficient building bricks

Oyelami

Rooy

2016

Environ Earth Sci

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Lateritic soils which have been described as highly weathered tropical or sub-tropical residual soils, were studied with an attempt to establish its suitability or otherwise as sustainable material in building bricks and housing development that will meet the present challenge of sustaining the environment without costing too much and maintaining a high standard of strength, durability and aesthetics. Index properties of the tested lateritic soils revealed them as mostly well-graded, comprising both cohesive (silt and clay) and cohesionless (sand and gravel) soil fraction. The geotechnical analyses on the studied lateritic soil revealed a strong compressive strength with a relatively sound dry density which could guarantee a good durability in resulting bricks made from these soil materials.Further test on the strength and durability of the compressed earth bricks (CEBs) made from these lateritic soils revealed a brick with compressive strength ranging between 6.33 and 15.57 MPa which are considered to be good strength coupled with its sound durability strength established over a period more than one year under a complete cycle of weather and seasonal conditions.In conclusion, lateritic soils from the study area were found to be suitable as materials for bricks (CEB) with good compressive and durability strength which qualifies them sustainable and cost effective materials for lowcost housing development.

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The lateritic profile of Balkouin, Burkina Faso: Geochemistry, mineralogy and genesis

Cited by 40 publications

References 64 publications

A review of the use of lateritic soils in the construction/development of sustainable housing in Africa: A geological perspective

A review of the use of lateritic soils in the construction/development of sustainable housing in Africa: A geological perspective

The Piriá aluminous lateritic profile: mineralogy, geochemistry and parent rock

Geotechnical characterisation of lateritic soils from south-western Nigeria as materials for cost-effective and energy-efficient building bricks

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