The Last Glacial Maximum at 44°S documented by a 10Be moraine chronology at Lake Ohau, Southern Alps of New Zealand

Putnam, Aaron E.; Schaefer, Joerg M.; Denton, George H.; Barrell, David; Birkel, S. D.; Andersen, Björn G.; Kaplan, Michael R.; Finkel, Robert C.; Schwartz, Roseanne; Doughty, Alice M.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.10.034

Cited by 162 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Increasing southern winter duration, synchronous with decreasing northern summer insolation, could explain why broad glacial-interglacial changes in both hemispheres occurred at the same time (Putnam et al, 2013b; Figure 7C). Winter duration may also explain why glacial culminations in the southern mid-latitudes occurred prior to the gLGM, given that there was a trend toward longer winters during MIS 3 and into MIS 2 (Huybers & Denton, 2008).…”

Section: Insolation Changesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This suggests that the same forcing factors may have controlled the timing of glacial activity in both regions over the last glacial cycle and strongly suggests that glaciers advanced by at least 45 ka, or mid-MIS 3, well before the gLGM. Although this study focuses on chronology, it is worth highlighting that several studies found the limits relating to these advances to be as extensive, if not significantly more extensive, than those deposited during the gLGM (Glasser et al, 2011;Putnam et al, 2013b;Kelley et al, 2014;Rother et al, 2014;Doughty et al, 2015;Darvill et al, 2015;Schaefer et al, 2015).…”

Section: Evidence From the Compilation Of Exposure Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antarctic sea ice has been invoked in several explanations for global climate change during the last glacial cycle (Allen et al, 2011). It is likely that seasonallyexpanded sea ice would have increased deep water formation and expansion (Seidov & Maslin, 2001;Ferrari et al, 2014) and promoted stratification of the Southern Ocean due to freshening of the surface waters (Putnam et al, 2013b). Sea-ice extent is also likely to have been reduced by a southward shift of the Southern Westerly Winds and oceanic fronts, helping to destabilise any stratification of the Southern Ocean.…”

Section: The Role Of Sea Ice and Ocean Stratificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent work (Glasser et al, 2011;Putnam et al, 2013b;Kelley et al, 2014;Rother et al, 2014;Doughty et al, 2015;Schaefer et al, 2015;Darvill et al, 2015) has identified that some glaciers in Patagonia and New Zealand advanced to greater extents prior to the global Last Glacial Maximum (gLGM; ca. 26.5-19 ka; Clark et al, 2009) and Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, insolation does not appear to directly control Southern Hemisphere climate change (Huybers & Denton, 2008;Doughty et al, 2015), whereas the movement of the southern westerly winds and oceanic frontal systems have been invoked as drivers of climate and glacial advances by controlling precipitation and sea surface temperatures (Lamy et al, 2004(Lamy et al, , 2007Barrows et al, 2007a;Denton et al, 2010). The roles of sea ice and ocean stratification, whilst likely important, also remain unclear (Allen et al, 2011;Denton et al, 2010;Putnam et al, 2013b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The timing and cause of glacial advances in the southern mid-latitudes during the last glacial cycle based on a synthesis of exposure ages from Patagonia and New Zealand

Darvill

Bentley

Stokes

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Section: Insolation Changesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Evidence From the Compilation Of Exposure Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Role Of Sea Ice and Ocean Stratificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The timing and cause of glacial advances in the southern mid-latitudes during the last glacial cycle based on a synthesis of exposure ages from Patagonia and New Zealand

Darvill

Bentley

Stokes

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Late Quaternary glacier sensitivity to temperature and precipitation distribution in the Southern Alps of New Zealand

Rowan

Brocklehurst

Schultz

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf.

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Glaciers respond to climate variations and leave geomorphic evidence that represents an important terrestrial paleoclimate record. However, the accuracy of paleoclimate reconstructions from glacial geology is limited by the challenge of representing mountain meteorology in numerical models. Precipitation is usually treated in a simple manner and yet represents difficult-to-characterize variables such as amount, distribution, and phase. Furthermore, precipitation distributions during a glacial probably differed from present-day interglacial patterns. We applied two models to investigate glacier sensitivity to temperature and precipitation in the eastern Southern Alps of New Zealand. A 2-D model was used to quantify variations in the length of the reconstructed glaciers resulting from plausible precipitation distributions compared to variations in length resulting from change in mean annual air temperature and precipitation amount. A 1-D model was used to quantify variations in length resulting from interannual climate variability. Assuming that present-day interglacial values represent precipitation distributions during the last glacial, a range of plausible present-day precipitation distributions resulted in uncertainty in the Last Glacial Maximum length of the Pukaki Glacier of 17.1 km (24%) and the Rakaia Glacier of 9.3 km (25%), corresponding to a 0.5°C difference in temperature. Smaller changes in glacier length resulted from a 50% decrease in precipitation amount from present-day values (À14% and À18%) and from a 50% increase in precipitation amount (5% and 9%). Our results demonstrate that precipitation distribution can produce considerable variation in simulated glacier extents and that reconstructions of paleoglaciers should include this uncertainty.

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Hemispheric sea ice distribution sets the glacial tempo

Lee

Shen

Fox‐Kemper

et al. 2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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The proxy record of global temperature shows that the dominant periodicity of the glacial cycle shifts from 40 kyr (obliquity) to 100 kyr (eccentricity) about a million years ago. Using climate model simulations, here we show that the pace of the glacial cycle depends on the pattern of hemispheric sea ice growth. In a cold climate the sea ice grows asymmetrically between two hemispheres under changes to Earth's orbital precession, because sea ice growth potential outside of the Arctic Circle is limited. This difference in hemispheric sea ice growth leads to an asymmetry in absorbed solar energy for the two hemispheres, particularly when eccentricity is high, even if the annual average insolation is similar. In a warmer climate, the hemispheric asymmetry of the sea ice decreases as mean Arctic and Antarctic sea ice decreases, diminishing the precession and eccentricity signals and explaining the dominant obliquity signal (40 kyr) before the mid‐Pleistocene transition.

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The Last Glacial Maximum at 44°S documented by a 10Be moraine chronology at Lake Ohau, Southern Alps of New Zealand

Cited by 162 publications

References 118 publications

The timing and cause of glacial advances in the southern mid-latitudes during the last glacial cycle based on a synthesis of exposure ages from Patagonia and New Zealand

The timing and cause of glacial advances in the southern mid-latitudes during the last glacial cycle based on a synthesis of exposure ages from Patagonia and New Zealand

Late Quaternary glacier sensitivity to temperature and precipitation distribution in the Southern Alps of New Zealand

Hemispheric sea ice distribution sets the glacial tempo

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