1968
DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)62652-1
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The Laser Beam in Urology

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Cited by 133 publications
(36 citation statements)
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“…The invention of laser in the world is credited to Theodore Mainman [21] in (1960), who used a ruby laser. In 1968 Mulvaney [22] succeeded in fragmenting a urinary system stone using ruby laser, however because of extreme warming of ruby laser during procedure, ruby laser could not be introduced into clinical use. With advancing technology, alternative laser applications with different energy sources have been performed.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The invention of laser in the world is credited to Theodore Mainman [21] in (1960), who used a ruby laser. In 1968 Mulvaney [22] succeeded in fragmenting a urinary system stone using ruby laser, however because of extreme warming of ruby laser during procedure, ruby laser could not be introduced into clinical use. With advancing technology, alternative laser applications with different energy sources have been performed.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Laser lithotripsy (Mulvaney and Beck 1968, Fair 1978, Watson et al 1987 requires delivery of laser light into the body. For this procedure to be minimally invasive, the light is transmitted through an optical fibre in a catheter which should be as small as possible.…”
Section: Working Mechanisms and Sources Of Collateral Damagementioning
confidence: 99%
“…It was almost seven decades later in 1968 that Mulvaney and Beck [2] developed a ruby laser capable of calculus fragmentation with considerable expenditure of energy, resulting in excessive heat production. The thermal effects on the surrounding tissues precluded its clinical use.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%