The larvae ofDrusus improvisusMcLachlan, 1884,Drusus camerinusMoretti, 1981 andDrusus aprutiensisMoretti, 1981 (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae: Drusinae)

Abstract

The larvae of Drusus improvisus McLachlan, 1884, Drusus camerinus Moretti, 1981 and Drusus aprutiensis Moretti, 1981 are re-described and discussed in the context of contemporary keys of European Drusinae species. In addition, phylogenetic, zoogeographical and ecological notes are included.

The larvae of <i>Drusus franzressli</i> Malicky 1974 and <i>Drusus spelaeus</i> (Ulmer 1920) (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae: Drusinae) with notes on ecology and zoogeography

“…Putative specimens of D. spelaeus differed by 0-7 bp (Ø 3.35 bp) in mtCOI and 0-6 bp (Ø 2.41 bp) in nWG. These divergences among haplotypes (uncorrected p distance ranged from 0 - 0.014 in mtCOI and 0-0.006 in nWG) are within the range of intraspecific distances and much lower than interspecific distances observed in most Drusinae to date (Graf et al 2005, 2009; Pauls et al 2006, 2008, 2009; Previsic et al 2009a; Waringer et al 2008), supporting conspecificty. Comparable levels of divergence in mtCOI have, however, also been observed among the two eastern and western Alpine vicariant sister species D. nigrescens Meyer-Dür 1875 and D .…”

“…6, 21). At this position Drusus franzressli and D. spelaeus key together with D. improvisus McLachlan 1884 (Waringer et al 2008), D. nigrescens Meyer-Dür 1875 (Waringer et al 2007), Ecclisopteryx malickyi Moretti 1991 (Graf et al 2011), Metanoea flavipennis (Pictet 1834) (Waringer et al 2000) and M. rhaetica Schmid 1955 (Waringer 1985). These species are easily separated by differences in dorsal profile and sculpturing of pronotum, setation at center of anterior pronotal border, presence/absence of lateral gills at 2 nd and 3 rd abdominal segments, start of lateral fringe and distribution (Table 2).…”

“…Establishing the phylogenetic position of D. franzressli and D. spelaeus is not yet completed. However, Waringer et al (2008, 2011) tested the validity of the mixtus -group based on five species, but found no evidence for monophyly of this morphologically heterogenous group.…”

“…The recent Drusinae inventory comprises 97 species, 30 of which are reported from the Alps, 34 from the Balkan Peninsula (including many endemics), 17 from south and southwestern Europe (Apennine, Iberia, Corsica, Pyrenees, southern France), and 16 form Asia Minor and the Caucasus (Graf et al 2008; Malicky 2004, 2005a; Olah 2010, 2011). From this large inventory, larvae from only 41 species (42%) were described so far and could be included in keys (Botosaneanu 1959; Décamps & Pujol 1975; Despax 1927; Graf et al 2011; Kučinić et al 2008, 2010, 2011a, b; Moretti & Pirisinu 1981; Moretti, 1983; Previsic et al 2009; Sipahiler 2002; Szczesny 1978; Vieira-Lanero 2000; Vieira-Lanero et al 2005; Waringer et al 2008, 2010; Waringer & Graf 2011).…”

The larva of Drusus vinconi Sipahiler, 1992 (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae, Drusinae)

“…A total of 17 species have been described from south and southwestern Europe (Apennine, Iberia, Corsica, Pyrenees, southern France), and 18 species and 2 subspecies are known from Asia Minor and the Caucasus (Graf et al 2008; Ivanov 2011; Malicky 2004, 2005; Oláh 2010, 2011; Sipahiler 2005;). However, the larvae of only 41 species (41%) have been described so far and included in keys (Botosaneanu 1959; Décamps and Pujol 1975; Despax 1927; Graf et al 2011; Kučinić et al 2008, 2010, 2011a, b; Moretti and Pirisinu 1981; Moretti 1983; Previšić et al 2009; Sipahiler 2002; Szczesny 1978; Vieira-Lanero 2000; Vieira-Lanero et al 2005; Waringer et al 2008; Waringer and Graf 2011). To improve our knowledge of larval Drusinae taxonomy, we provide the description of the larva of Drusus vinconi Sipahiler, 1992 based on larval material collected in the Département Pyrénées-Atlantiques of the French Midi-Pyrénées region.…”