“…When transferred to health care, Lean is described as comprising two defining characteristics: (a) philosophies , or a set of principles, aimed at transforming the workplace culture and focusing on continuous improvement by eliminating waste, improving flow of patients, providers and suppliers, and processes; and (b) assessment activities or analytic tools that identify waste and improvement activities (Rotter et al, ). Ultimately, the aim of Lean is to facilitate access to cost‐effective, high‐quality and innovative health care that puts the patients and direct‐care providers at the centre of determining what care is optimal, and what essential resources are required to achieve the best patient outcomes (Kinsman et al, ). However, Hines, Found, Griffiths, and Harrison () suggested the intent, though enticing, was reported by many institutions to be unsustainable.…”