The larger mammal palimpsest from TK (Thiongo Korongo), Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Yravedra, José; Domı́nguez-Rodrigo, Manuel; Santonja, Manuel; Rubio‐Jara, Susana; Panera, Joaquín; Pérez‐González, Alfredo; Uribelarrea, David; Egeland, Charles P.; Mabulla, Audax; Baquedano, Enrique

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.04.013

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Artefact and bone associations in Olduvai Gorge handaxebearing sites have received comparatively more attention so far; human action on part of the fossil assemblages is documented in TK [84], SHK [82] and FLK West [67], but other agents of accumulation (e.g. water disturbance, background scatters) might have largely contributed to site formation.…”

Section: (C) Fossil and Artefact Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origins of the Acheulean: past and present perspectives on a major transition in human evolution

Torre¹

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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The emergence of the Acheulean from the earlier Oldowan constitutes a major transition in human evolution, the theme of this special issue. This paper discusses the evidence for the origins of the Acheulean, a cornerstone in the history of human technology, from two perspectives; firstly, a review of the history of investigations on Acheulean research is presented. This approach introduces the evolution of theories throughout the development of the discipline, and reviews the way in which cumulative knowledge led to the prevalent explanatory framework for the emergence of the Acheulean. The second part presents the current state of the art in Acheulean origins research, and reviews the hard evidence for the appearance of this technology in Africa around 1.7 Ma, and its significance for the evolutionary history of Homo erectus.This article is part of the themed issue 'Major transitions in human evolution'.

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Section: (C) Fossil and Artefact Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origins of the Acheulean: past and present perspectives on a major transition in human evolution

Torre¹

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…It seems likely that each material was used for different activities, but the lack of functional and use-wear studies has hindered the empirical verification of the lithic functionality at most Bed II sites. Due to this lack of analyses, it has traditionally been assumed that there is a functional association between faunal and lithic remains; however, in some sites it has already been observed that such an association can be the result of independent events (Dom ınguez-Rodrigo et al 2007;Egeland & Dom ınguez-Rodrigo 2008;Yravedra et al 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

A new approach to raw material use in the exploitation of animal carcasses at BK (Upper Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania): a micro‐photogrammetric and geometric morphometric analysis of fossil cut marks

Yravedra

Maté-González

Palomeque-González

et al. 2017

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Dom ınguez-Rodrigo, M. 2017 (October): A new approach to raw material use in the exploitation of animal carcasses at BK (Upper Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania): a micro-photogrammetric and geometric morphometric analysis of fossil cut marks.The use of innovative techniques such as micro-photogrammetry and geometric morphometrics may have a major impact on the differentiation of cut marks made with different raw materials and, thus, link butchering processes with stone tool reduction sequences. This work focuses on a sample of cut-marked bones from the Bell's Korongo (BK) site (Upper Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania), which is an emblematic early Pleistocene site where a large faunal assemblage, including a diverse megafauna, occurs in association with quartzite and basalt industries. We present a detailed study of a sample of 58 cut marks identified on a set of recently excavated BK fossils, using a micro-photogrammetric and geometric morphometric approach, with the aim of identifying the raw materials used in the butchery of carcasses. In order to carry out this study, we previously carried out an experimental analysis to characterize cut marks and their morphology according to the types of raw material found at BK, namely quartzite and basalt. The results from the experimental study show that there is a good fit between raw material type and cut mark morphology, enabling us to confidently apply this method to the analysis of the cut marks of the BK fossil assemblage. The present study shows that most of the BK cut marks were created by the use of quartzite tools. The efficiency of this type of raw material is emphasized, which explains its curation over the landscape by hominins. Jos e Yravedra

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“…Palaeoecological comparisons were made with assemblages recovered from other sites in Bed II such as HWK3‐5, MNK and FCW (Leakey ), TK (Yravedra et al . ), SHK (Domínguez‐Rodrigo et al . ) and BK (for BK1, BK2 and BK3, see Domínguez‐Rodrigo et al .…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…) and why other sites, such as TK Lower Floor (Olduvai Gorge), show no direct relation between the fauna and the stone tools found in the same levels (Leakey ; Yravedra et al . ). The poor preservation of bone surfaces at TK did not allow the identification of the agent involved in the bone accumulation.…”

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confidence: 97%

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FLK West (Lower Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania): a new early Acheulean site with evidence for human exploitation of fauna

Yravedra

Martín

Egeland

et al. 2017

Boreas

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Dom ınguez-Rodrigo, M. 2017 (October): FLK West (Lower Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania): a new early Acheulean site with evidence for human exploitation of fauna.This paper presents a detailed taphonomic studyof the faunal assemblage from FLK West (Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania), a site with an Acheulean component that dates to 1.7 Ma. The faunal sample analysed here is distributed in different archaeological levels and is associated with a significant lithic accumulation including several large format tools and handaxes. The fauna indicates the proliferation of open environments similar to those found in other Bed II and late Bed I sites. Evidence of anthropogenic activity (e.g. defleshing activities and marrow consumption) has been identified in the form of cut and percussion marks. A photogrammetric and morphometric analysis suggests that these marks were produced with quartzite flakes and not with handaxes. Evidence of interaction with carnivores was also noted; tooth marks were observed on some bones. Such interaction indicates the existence of competition between humans and carnivores for the same ecological niche, and might lead us to reflect on the survival strategies of Lower Pleistocene hominins. Jos e Yravedra

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The larger mammal palimpsest from TK (Thiongo Korongo), Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

The origins of the Acheulean: past and present perspectives on a major transition in human evolution

The origins of the Acheulean: past and present perspectives on a major transition in human evolution

A new approach to raw material use in the exploitation of animal carcasses at BK (Upper Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania): a micro‐photogrammetric and geometric morphometric analysis of fossil cut marks

FLK West (Lower Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania): a new early Acheulean site with evidence for human exploitation of fauna

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