The LapSim virtual reality simulator: promising but not yet proven

Fairhurst, Katherine; Strickland, Andrew; Maddern, Guy J.

doi:10.1007/s00464-010-1181-0

Cited by 48 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Third, the user interface should be intuitive. Currently, some computer simulators are available for surgical training, but most have limited, pre-programmed scenarios [1,4,6]. In liver surgery, the use of an image processing workstation allows one to calculate resection volume and visualize completion images [16,17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A patient-specific surgical simulator using preoperative imaging data: an interactive simulator using a three-dimensional tactile mouse

et al. 2014

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Preoperative simulation can greatly facilitate the safe and effective conduct of surgical procedures, especially for difficult and complex operations such as hepatectomy and pancreatectomy. A computer simulation system may greatly assist surgeons to preoperatively evaluate an operation and facilitate sharing of information among the operative staff. However, there are several problems with existing simulation systems. We have developed a new surgical simulation system using a patient's own imaging data, which has some advantages over existing systems. Individual anatomical information obtained through an imaging study is used in this system. In addition it allows interactive control, similar to what a surgeon does in a real operation. Furthermore, a surgeon can control the system intuitively using a three dimensional tactile mouse. Changing the translucency of objects makes it easy to understand complex anatomical relationships. In conclusion, this new system is a patient-specific surgical simulator and can be applied to navigation surgery, medical education and patient communication.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many surgical simulators are available for preoperative evaluation and surgical education [1][2][3][4][5][6], but several problems still exist. First, individual variations in anatomy and tumor location are not reflected in existing simulation systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A patient-specific surgical simulator using preoperative imaging data: an interactive simulator using a three-dimensional tactile mouse

et al. 2014

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“…Recently, The European Endoscopic Surgery Consensus recommended that the basic laparoscopic surgical tasks should be practiced in a laboratory before the practice on human beings (22). But, although modern simulators are more realistic, it is still hard to transfer the virtual reality skills to surgical practice (21,23,24). LapSim simulators have programs very similar to real surgery, and may be considered an advantageous factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing the minimal number of virtual reality simulator training sessions necessary to develop basic laparoscopic skills competence: evaluation of the learning curve

Duarte¹,

Cury

Oliveira

et al. 2013

Int. braz j urol.

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Introduction: Medical literature is scarce on information to define a basic skills training program for laparoscopic surgery (peg and transferring, cutting, clipping). The aim of this study was to determine the minimal number of simulator sessions of basic laparoscopic tasks necessary to elaborate an optimal virtual reality training curriculum. Materials and Methods: Eleven medical students with no previous laparoscopic experience were spontaneously enrolled. They were submitted to simulator training sessions starting at level 1 (Immersion Lap VR, San Jose, CA), including sequentially camera handling, peg and transfer, clipping and cutting. Each student trained twice a week until 10 sessions were completed. The score indexes were registered and analyzed. The total of errors of the evaluation sequences (camera, peg and transfer, clipping and cutting) were computed and thereafter, they were correlated to the total of items evaluated in each step, resulting in a success percent ratio for each student for each set of each completed session. Thereafter, we computed the cumulative success rate in 10 sessions, obtaining an analysis of the learning process. By non-linear regression the learning curve was analyzed. Results: By the non-linear regression method the learning curve was analyzed and a r 2 = 0.73 (p < 0.001) was obtained, being necessary 4.26 (~five sessions) to reach the plateau of 80% of the estimated acquired knowledge, being that 100% of the students have reached this level of skills. From the fifth session till the 10th, the gain of knowledge was not significant, although some students reached 96% of the expected improvement. Conclusions: This study revealed that after five simulator training sequential sessions the students' learning curve reaches a plateau. The forward sessions in the same difficult level do not promote any improvement in laparoscopic basic surgical skills, and the students should be introduced to a more difficult training tasks level.

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“…15 For a simulator to be useful for residency training, it should be able to demonstrate construct validity and improvement in performance over time. Some studies on the LapSim suggests that the parameters for select tasks can reliably differentiate between novice subjects and experts with extensive laparoscopic experience.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construct validity of the LapSim virtual laparoscopic simulator within a urology residency program

Kovac¹,

Azhar²,

Quirouet³

et al. 2012

CUAJ

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Objective: We assessed the construct validity of the LapSim laparoscopic surgical simulator in a urology residency training program. Methods: In total, 15 residents participated in the study between July 2007 and July 2008. The subjects were tested six times at onemonth intervals on three skill tasks (lifting and grasping, cutting and clip application) using the LapSim laparoscopic simulator. The testing sessions were divided into the first three sessions (seminar 1), and the subsequent three sessions (seminar 2). We evaluated the following parameters: total time, path length, angular path length, tissue damage, maximum damage and stretch damage. The subjects were divided into junior (PGY 1,2) and senior resident groups (PGY 3,4,5). The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test for paired samples was used to compare the performances of the juniors and seniors during seminar 1 to their performance in seminar 2 to determine whether there was improvement over time. The Wilcoxon RankSum test for independent samples was used to compare the performance of the juniors to that of the seniors for seminar 1, seminar 2 and the combination of both seminars to determine whether the more experienced senior residents performed better than the less experienced juniors. Results: No significant performance improvement between testing sessions could be demonstrated. Similarly, there was no significant difference in performance between junior and senior residents. Conclusions: Construct validity could not be demonstrated for the total time, path length, angular path length and tissue handling parameters of the LapSim laparoscopic surgical simulator when examined within the context of a urology residency program.

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The LapSim virtual reality simulator: promising but not yet proven

Cited by 48 publications

References 50 publications

A patient-specific surgical simulator using preoperative imaging data: an interactive simulator using a three-dimensional tactile mouse

A patient-specific surgical simulator using preoperative imaging data: an interactive simulator using a three-dimensional tactile mouse

Establishing the minimal number of virtual reality simulator training sessions necessary to develop basic laparoscopic skills competence: evaluation of the learning curve

Construct validity of the LapSim virtual laparoscopic simulator within a urology residency program

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