The Language Planning Situation in the Philippines

Detection of Intra-Sentential Code-Switching Points Using Word Bigram and Unigram Frequency Count

“…According to study [1], a typical Filipino (those not living in a Tagalog-using area) grows up to speak at least three languages -the vernacular, English, and Filipino (Tagalog). Consequently, it is inevitable that code-switching occur in conversations among Filipinos.…”

Ethics and collective identity building: Scandinavian semicommunication and the possibilities of Philippine ethics

“…A further step is Lingua Receptiva where speakers are not confined to using their mother tongue but may use other languages that may be effective in communication, such as a native speaker of Norwegian speaking Norwegian and a native speaker of Portuguese speaking English (ten Thije 2013: 137). 3 The apparent dominance of the Tagalog language, especially in the national and official language policies of the Philippines, has been evident in the history of the country (Gonzalez 1981(Gonzalez , 1991(Gonzalez , 1998(Gonzalez , 2001Villacorta 1991). The prominent late linguist Gonzalez explained that the historical circumstances allowed Tagalog to be chosen from among other existing languages to become the basis of the national language in-the-making, but he added that there was strong and continuing objection to this dominance by leading politicians from other regions, especially Cebu (Gonzalez 1991: 114-125).…”

“…Optimize learning. Allowing speakers to use their own mother tongue (or first language) has been proven to optimize learning among primary school learners (Gonzalez 1981(Gonzalez , 1998Nolasco 2008;Tupas 2014;Tupas & Lorente 2014). Education researchers in the late 1960s already recognized the importance of this approach, even citing Scandinavian semicommunication as a source of ideas on how to implement multilingualism in primary schools in North America at that time (Kloss 1969 16 then imposing a language on speakers can impede their ability to conceptualize and evaluate their experiences in relating with others.…”

“…8 The majority status of Tagalog speakers was disputed in the 1980s and even in the 1990s on grounds of census methodology. A majority of native speakers of other languages may be able to understand Tagalog Filipino but it is not their mother tongue (Gonzalez, 1998). 9 The 1935 Philippine Constitution, Article XIII, Section 3.…”

Developing a Tagalog Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) ‘Disaster’ Dictionary for Understanding Mixed Language Social Media: A Work-in-Progress Paper

“…With its two official languages (English and Filipino) and dozens of other local languages and dialects, the Philippines has a complex and politicized history of multilingualism (Gonzalez, 1998;Nical et al, 2004;Ang, 1978). Both the grammar and vocabulary of Filipino (also known as Pilipino) is based primarily from Tagalog, a language originating from the regions surrounding the capital city of Manila, although some scholars argue that Filipino is essentially Tagalog (Ang, 1978;Baumgartner, 1989).…”