The language of motivational interviewing and feedback: Counselor language, client language, and client drinking outcomes.

Abstract

Previous research has suggested that motivational interviewing (MI) may affect client language, which in turn predicts client drinking outcome. This study examined the relationship between counselor language and client language, personalized feedback and client language, and client language and client drinking outcome, in a sample of heavy drinking college students. MI was delivered in a single session with or without a personalized feedback report (MI with Feedback (MIF); MI Only (MIO)). Sessions were coded using the Motivational Interviewing Skill Code 2.1. A composite drinking outcome score was used, consisting of drinks per week, peak blood alcohol concentration, and protective drinking strategies. We found three main results. First, in the MIF group, MI consistent counselor language was positively associated with client change talk. Second, after receiving feedback, MIF clients showed lower levels of sustain talk, relative to MIO clients. Finally, in the MIF group, clients with greater change talk showed improved drinking outcomes at 3 months, while clients with greater sustain talk showed poorer drinking outcomes. These results highlight the relationship between counselor MI skill and client change talk, and suggest an important role for feedback in the change process.

Aspects of Patient and Clinician Language Predict Adherence to Antidepressant Medication

“…The model explained 27.6% of the variance in PDC (Table 3). 14,15,[31][32][33] In contrast to previous studies, we report an association between empathy and the behavioral outcome of PDC. While clinician MIAs seemed to positively influence primary adherence and patient CT, there was a small yet significant negative effect on PDC after adjustment for CT, which may reflect clinician support for patient decision-making autonomy regarding antidepressant use.…”

“…The flip side of CT, "sustain talk" (ST), indicates a desire to continue specific adverse behaviors and has predicted worse outcomes in substance abuse settings. 14,15 CT and ST regarding taking an antidepressant medication may be predictive of better and worse adherence, respectively. While previous studies noted mixed results regarding the effect of an MI intervention on medication adherence, 16,17 to our knowledge none have examined the effects of specific components of patient and clinician language on adherence.…”

Predicting Counselor Behaviors in Motivational Interviewing Encounters

“…MI has been widely used as treatment method in clinical trials on psychotherapy research to address addictive behaviors such as alcohol, tobacco and drug use; promote healthier habits such as nutrition and fitness; and help clients with psychological problems such as depression and anxiety (Rollnick et al, 2008;Pollak et al, 2010;Lundahl et al, 2010;Vader et al, 2010;Moyers and Martin, 2006;Moyers et al, 2009;Glynn and Moyers, 2010;. In addition, MI has been successfully applied in different practice settings including social work in behavioral health centers, education, and criminal justice (Wahab, 2005;McMurran, 2009).…”

Proposed Model of the Neurobiological Mechanisms Underlying Psychosocial Alcohol Interventions: The Example of Motivational Interviewing

“…In terms of candidates for within-session active ingredients, in contrast with other putative mechanisms (Apodaca and Longabaugh, 2009;Longabaugh and Wirtz, 2001), change talk (client statements in favor of change) has gained the most consistent support for its relationship with substance use outcomes across MI (Amrhein et al, 2003;Apodaca and Longabaugh, 2009;Baer et al, 2008;Daeppen et al, 2010;Gaume et al, 2008;Martin et al, 2011;Moyers et al, 2007Moyers et al, , 2009Strang and McCambridge, 2004;Vader et al, 2010;Walker et al, 2011), as well as across other psychosocial interventions (Aharonovich et al, 2008;Hodgins et al, 2009;Karno et al, 2010;Moyers et al, 2007). Together, these data suggest that change talk is the most relevant target for mechanism research in MI (Miller and Rose, 2009), and it therefore serves as the focus of this review.…”